Psychic power
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Psychic powers, also known by the acronym ESP for Extra-Sensory Perceptions (TV: Planet of the Spiders), were made possible by the conscious or unconscious manipulation of psychic energy.


History
Originally related to magic and still understood as such in many cultures, psychic abilities survived the Time Lords' imposition of the laws of physics on the universe by being sufficiently grounded in science (PROSE: So Vile a Sin).

Causes of psychic ability edit
Natural racial abilities edit
Some species were innately psychically active - in some cases it was very unusual for an individual of a given species not to manifest psi-powers. These powers could be of any type - for instance, the Arcateenians appeared to be innately telepathic, (TV: Greeks Bearing Gifts) while it has been strongly implied that some Daleks possessed some degree of psychokinesis. (TV: Death to the Daleks)

A Krynoid and Harrison Chase developed a psychic attachment, with Harrison being indoctrinated with the others thoughts. (TV: The Seeds of Doom)

In some cases, it is difficult to tell whether the powers displayed by an individual were unusual for a member of their race. The Doctor and Susan both displayed telepathic abilities, but most Time Lords did not. Several other Time Lords did show psychic abilities and the Doctor said at least twice that Time Lords were telepathic.

Many races had highly unusual innate abilities, but it was often difficult to tell whether these powers were truly psychic (involved the manipulation of psychic energy) or not.

Innate psychic ability in humans was rare, but not unknown: according to the Doctor, they are just dormant in most members of Homo sapiens. (TV: Planet of the Spiders) Most humans had at least some latent psychic potential. Significant individuals (such as William Shakespeare), showed enough latent psychic ability to see psychic paper as blank. This ability may have been due to an extra synaptic engram in the brain, which was seen in individuals with mild telepathic abilities such as Tim Latimer. Torchwood 1 personnel were given basic psychic training, also giving them this ability.

The Pyroviles had psychic powers, as well. They were able to give them to humans and did so to the Sibylline Sisterhood. (TV: The Fires of Pompeii)

Mutation due to external factors edit
In species that were not normally psi-active, powers could nevertheless still appear given the right stimuli. Humans living near a Time rift developed psychic abilities, which might vanish if the rift is sealed. Prolonged exposure to a Metebelis crystal might also result in psychic powers.

It is not known whether the psychic ability of the Daleks was a direct result of Davros's genetic manipulation, a natural result of the process of mutation, or a freak consequence of the combination of both (the original Kaleds did not appear psychically active).

Types of psychic ability edit
See individual articles for full descriptions.

Sensory abilities edit
Telepathy
Clairvoyance (also known as Extra-Sensory Perception)
Precognition
Psychometry
Time-sensitivity: the ability to sense disruptions in time and/or reality, or to detect that a given object or person is or has been displaced in time.
Empathy
Manipulative abilities edit
Telekinesis
Mind control
Artificial psychic phenomena edit
Psychic energy was normally only produced by living minds, which made it (and the powers utilising it) difficult to study or replicate using conventional technological means.

However, a number of devices were constructed to facilitate or mimic natural psychic powers.

TARDISes generated a psychic field and incorporated telepathic circuits to facilitate both short- and long-range communications. (TV: Frontier in Space)
The IRIS Machine artificially boosted the telepathic potential of human test subjects. (TV: Planet of the Spiders)
The Arcateenians used telepathy pendants for long-range communication. (TV: Greeks Bearing Gifts)
The Coronet of Rassilon gave the wearer the power of mind control, even over multiple subjects simultaneously. (TV: The Five Doctors)
In his later incarnations, the Doctor routinely carried psychic paper to save time in establishing his credentials. This ploy was also used by the adventurer known as Captain Jack Harkness.
Psychic credit cards were used by the Doctor to hold money. (PROSE: Only Human)

ما هي القوة الداخليه الخارقه ؟؟؟؟؟

Psychic power
"Also? I can kill you with my brain."
— River Tam, Firefly

Telepathy, clairvoyance, pyrokinesis — the powers are supernatural, but the names are scientific, which is good enough for soft Sci Fi. Pointy-eared elves mumbling ancient spells on shiny spaceships would be incongruous; pointy-eared aliens reading minds on shiny spaceships doesn't raise any eyebrows.
In general, the more powerful and dramatic the psychic, the softer the Sci Fi — psychic powers are one of the most common ways of including Magic By Any Other Name and recycling Magical Tropes in a scientific environment. The extreme cases are largely confined to the horror, Cosmic Horror Story and superhero genres (with exceptions, such as Star Wars), but the weakest powers can crop up even in mainstream shows.
In order of increasing power, the standard abilities are:
Clairvoyance/Clairaudience — also called TeleSense, Remote Viewing, Remote Sensing, Extra-Sensory Perception or ESP. Seeing (and sometimes hearing, or using other senses, including ones that aren't part of the standard package) far-away places, localizing specific persons one concentrates on, usually involves a trance state; the amount of control over what is seen can vary wildly, depending on the talent and training of the psychic and how the power works in your 'verse.
This can get broke down even further into Clairaudience, the psychic ability to hear things that are inaudible, Clairempathy the ability to feel other’s emotions to an abnormal degree, Claircognizance, having knowledge one has no normal way of knowing, Clairsentience refers to a psychic’s ability to pick up sensations and relate messages from those sensations, Clairgustance, which is psychic supertaste, and Clairalienence, psychic supersmell. Clairvoyance is sometimes aided by hypnotic trances – a process called metagnomy – famously used by “real life” psychic Edgar Cayce.
Variants of this include Aura Vision — varying in power from just visible to reading someone like a book; can encompass a wide variety of other sensing powers, usually tied to Pineal Weirdness and the Third Eye. Astral Projection and BiLocation (the ability to create a double of oneself, physical or otherwise, in another place and/or time). The latter may overlap with some forms of teleportation.
In dream form, this is Dream Spying.
Precognition — seeing the future in prophetic visions, sometimes in allegorical pictures. Often leads to a Prophecy Twist or Self-Fulfilling Prophecy. Dreaming of Things to Come is a common form.
Retrocognition/Postcognition — seeing things that happened in the past— not including watching security footage, natch. Often happens at crime scenes and may be considered a subset of clairvoyance.
A more limited version of this is called Psychometry, or object reading, which "reads" the past of an object. Sometimes also includes aspects of Empathy, by picking up an imprint of strong emotions from the object left by the person who last handled said object. Can include sensing the "auras" of places, too, especially if something violent happened there recently.
Certain versions of Pyschometry have combat applications in that a Psychometer who picks up a weapon may theoretically be able to absorb the skills of anyone who's ever wielded that weapon.
Another fairly common variant is sensing the memories of one's ancestors or (in universes with reincarnation) past lives, similar to Genetic Memory.
This can manifest as Dreaming of Times Gone By.
Empathy — the talent of The Empath, the ability to sense another person's emotional state. At times, even disturbances in the force and how strong the force is with someone. Sometimes includes the ability to send emotions the other way.
Telepathy — mind reading, can sometimes also transmit thoughts or implant suggestions, etc. Telepathy is the psychic power most commonly attributed to aliens or "advanced" humans.
Mindspeech is the ability to have conversations psychically. It usually requires a common language. Sometimes, though, as it is supposed to be direct thought-to-thought contact, any and all language barriers are completely overcome.
A Psychic Link is an intense, (usually) permanent telepathic connections between two (usually) partners. Subtropes include Twin Telepathy, Mental Fusion, Mindlink Mates, and Bond Creatures.
A variant is the suggestor, who can control or at least influence minds, but not read them. Often these suggestions are said to only affect the weak-minded.
Some telepaths have the ability to enter the dreams of people, to implant pictures into the mind of sleepers, or merely talk, but can do this only when people are asleep.
Then there are those who are able to harvest the target's dreams, and use them for their own purposes.
Similarly, another breed of telepath is the Master of Illusion.
Telepathy can often be stopped by Psychic Static and Psychic Block Defense.
Telepaths are often shown to be able to detect the presence of others; sensing their thoughts or merely the presence of a mind in a sort of Psychic Radar.
Telekinesis/Psychokinesis — moving physical objects by pure willpower. Can range from atoms to paperclips to cars or, in extreme cases, whole planets. Specialized expressions of it:
Pyrokinesis — setting things on fire. In slightly harder sci-fi, this will explicitly reference making the molecules in an object more agitated until it bursts into flames (essentially, that's the way a microwave oven works). Sometimes the fire itself can be controlled, changing size or even becoming a particular shape.
Similarly, Cryokinesis — freezing things. Slowing molecular motion until the object stops exuding heat, or just until it freezes solid. Often combined with condensing water from the air to form ice in thick coatings or free-standing shapes.
Fulgurkinesis/Astrakinesis - the ability to create electrical discharges and lightning bolts, and/or to control the flow of electrons inside machines. Sometimes encompasses the control of magnetic fields, too, if the author had a passing grade in high school science. (This is sometimes confused with the word "electrokinesis" which, incidentally has nothing to do with psychic powers.) A variant of this is Machine Empathy or Technopathy — the ability to mentally link to and control computer systems.
Biopsychokinesis, or Bio-PK — the ability to influence living tissue on the cellular or molecular level. Used for psychic healing, regeneration, Psychic Surgery or as a darker power the ability to kill people with your brain, traditionally by stopping their heart, but can also cause a massive stroke, simply shut the brain down, prevent the lungs from working...
Teleportation; Also known as Apportation — the ability to transport objects or people from location A to B, including oneself. A bit like the transporter in Star Trek. Usually the psychic will either call things to them or has to touch them to send them away to someplace else. If they're really powerful, they can move objects from/to both target locations from afar remotely.
Mediumship — the ability to see, communicate with or channel spirits, sometimes with the side effect that they'll follow the medium around in attempts to resolve their Unfinished Business.
Past Life Regression: A process of hypnosis or meditative visualization for reliving or discovering previous experiences of one's previous lives.
The first five powers are purely internal. There's no evidence they're being used apart from the occasional Psychic Nosebleed (and of course, the stance). The remaining powers have much more obvious effects. However, all these powers have stronger versions, found generally at the softer end of sci-fi. That is, strong clairvoyance is as good as X-Ray Vision, or even a Crystal Ball. Strong telepathy allows for complete Mind Control. Strong telekinesis or apportation can become a means of saying You Will Not Evade Me, and so on. The ultimate manifestation of psychic power is the ability to just make your thoughts into reality. As generally portrayed, all of these powers display No Conservation of Energy, though there are exceptions, especially if the writer wants to stiffen up the story's science yet still include cool Psionics; if so, expect terms like "quantum uncertainty", "observer effect" and "particle entanglement" to be slung around with abandon.

Stories can have both Psychic Powers and Functional Magic, but they'll usually be treated as fundamentally different. This does not preclude them from being related or even the same thing; supernatural powers are still supernatural powers, no matter what they're referred to as.
Compare Ki Attacks, Enlightenment Superpowers, and Functional Magic for other genre's "special powers." See also Mind Over Manners and Brain Critical Mass. 90% of Your Brain is sometimes brought in as an explanation for them. See also Phony Psychic and Not So Phony Psychic.