- Nightmare Abbey Thomas Love Peacock - A classic miniature: a brilliant satire on the Romantic novel

- This 1818 novel is set in a former abbey whose owner, Christopher Glowry, is host to visitors who enjoy his hospitality and engage in endless debate.
- Among these guests are figures recognizable to Peacock's contemporaries, including characters based on Lord Byron and Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Mr. Glowry's son Scythrop (also modeled on a famous Romantic, Peacock's friend Percy Bysshe Shelley) locks himself up in a tower where he reads German tragedies and transcendental philosophy and develops a "passion for reforming the world."
- Disappointed in love, a sorrowful Scythrop decides the only thing to do is to commit suicide, but circumstances persuade him to instead follow his father in a love of misanthropy and Madeira.
- In addition to satire and comic romance, Nightmare Abbey presents a biting critique of the texts we view as central to British romanticism

- The plot of Nightmare Abbey revolves arourd the hero Scythrop Glowry's unwillingness to make up his mind which of two young women he is in love with.

- His character is modeled on Peacock's friend the Romantic poet, Percy Bysshe Shelley, who also happened to find himself involved with two women.
- The plot, however, is only a convenience for Peacock to present a series of dialogues on a variety of themes currrent during the early part of the 19th century.
- Various characters present the point of view of some of the more famous people of the period.
- Among the topics they discuss are: novelty in literature, reason versus mysticism, transcendentalism, and ideal beauty.
- Often the dialogues are presented as they would be in a play."

==
- Thomas Love Peacock was an 18th century English author and satirist.
- Peacock's work was influenced by his friend Percy Bysshe Shelley.
- Peacock's novels used the same basic setting that of a group of people at a table discussing and criticizing philosophical opinions.
- Nightmare Abbey was written in 1818.
- This satire pokes fun at the Romantic Movement in English literature.
- The characters in the novel are based on historic figures.
- Peacock sees the British as being obsessed with transcendental philosophical systems and morbid subjects of any kind.
- Many of the allusions in the book are specific to the period in which it was written, yet there is enough relevance to make this a delight to read

- Published in the same year as Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, Thomas Love Peacock's Nightmare Abbey is not just a burlesque of the Gothic novel, but a sustained critique of what he regarded as 'the darkness and misanthropy of modern literature.'


- His witty satire on 'the spirit of the age' can best be understood through an awareness of its complex intertextual relations with other works of Romantic literature.


- This 1818 novel is set in a former abbey whose owner, Christopher Glowry, is host to visitors who enjoy his hospitality and engage in endless debate.


- Among these guests are figures recognizable to Peacock's contemporaries, including characters based on Lord Byron and Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Mr. Glowry's son Scythrop (also modeled on a famous Romantic, Peacock's friend Percy Bysshe Shelley) locks himself up in a tower where he reads German tragedies and transcendental philosophy and develops a "passion for reforming the world.


- " Disappointed in love, a sorrowful Scythrop decides the only thing to do is to commit suicide, but circumstances persuade him to instead follow his father in a love of misanthropy and Madeira.


- In addition to satire and comic romance, Nightmare Abbey presents a biting critique of the texts we view as central to British romanticism. This Broadview edition includes a critical introduction and a range of illuminating contemporary documents on the novel's reception and its German and British literary contexts. A selection of Peacock's critical and autobiographical writings is also included. --This text refers to an alternate Paperback edition

-The book is a satire of the romantic period set against a gothic, sometimes morose backdrop.

-There is little by the way of plot (the novel has more in common with Plato’s Symposium in this respect) but Peacock writes to clash ideas – art and science, classical and romantic, comedy and ennui – which offers fantastic scope for imagery and creativity.
-The concept is reflected through the clash visuals – the angel, representative of the misanthropic darkness of the cast of characters

who carry influence over the younger protagonist, is juxtaposed with bold pink to visually reference the satire.
-There are also various spot details to mirror and/or reference the many fantastic one-liners so that the cover, like the book, has
sublte treasures buried within.

- أونوريه دي بلزاك Honoré de Balzac (و. 20 مايو 1799 - 18 أغسطس 1850) روائي فرنسي، يعتبر مع فلوبير، مؤسسا الواقعية في الأدب الأوروبي.
- إنتاجه الغزير من الروايات والقصص، يسمى في مجموعه الكوميديا الإنسانية Comédie humaine، كان بمثابة بانوراما للمجتمع الفرنسي في فترة عودة الملكية (1815-1830) وملكية يوليو (1830-1848).
- وكان أونوريه دي بلزاك من رواد الأدب الفرنسي في القرن التاسع عشر في الفترة التي اعقبت سقوط نابليون وكان روائياً وكاتباً مسرحياً وناقداً أدبياً وناقداً فنياً أيضاً كما اشتهر بكونه كاتباً صحفياً وطابعة وقد ترك بصمة كبيرة في الأدب الفرنسي برواياته التي تتعدى ال91 رواية وقصص قصيرة(137 قصة) نشرت ما بين 1829 إلى 1852 وقد ولد في 20 مايو 1799، وتوفي في باريس 18 أغسطس 1850.
- وقيل بانه كان من مدمني العمل الأدبي مما اثر على وضعه الصحي (توفي في سن مبكرة عن عمر ناهز ال51 عاما)،
- وكان في حياته يعني من الديون التي اثقلت كاهله بسبب الاستثمارات المحفوفة بالمخاطر التي غامر بالقيام بها، وقضى عمره فاراً من دائنيه مختفياً ومتقمصاً أسماء وهمية وفي منازل مختلفة، وعاش بلزاك مع العديد من النساء قبل أن يتزوج في 1850 الكونتيسة "هانسكا" التي ظل يتودد إليها لأكثر من سبعة عشر عاما.
- أونوريه دي بلزاك هي واحدة من أسياد بلا منازع من الرواية الفرنسية التي وجهها العديد من الأنواع : الخيال التاريخي / السياسي، مع Chouans، الرواية الفلسفية مع التحفة غير معروف، ورواية خيالية مع كدر بو دي لوس انجليس، الرواية الشعرية مع زنبق الوادي.
- لكن رواياته واقعية ونفسية أكثر مشهورة مثل Grandet Goriot وأوجيني، التي هي جزء مهم جدا من عمله أدت إلى tort7، وهو التصنيف التبسيطي لل"المؤلف واقعية" (8).

================================================== ===========================
الايتام لديهم فرصة اكبر لانتاج روايات عالمية تعرف لماذا هنا:

فيديو حول العلاقة بين اليتم والعبقرية.." نظرية تفسير الطاقة الابداعية "...



http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHE0...gged_out_right

- His elegantly-crafted tale of sibling rivalry, Honore de Balzac's "The Black Sheep" is translated from the French with an introduction by Donald Adamson in "Penguin Classics".
- Philippe and Joseph Bridau are two extremely different brothers. The elder, Philippe, is a superficially heroic soldier and adored by their mother Agathe. He is nonetheless a bitter figure, secretly gambling away her savings after a brief but glorious career as Napoleon's aide-de-camp at the battle of Montereau.
- His younger brother Joseph, meanwhile, is fundamentally virtuous - but their mother is blinded to his kindness by her disapproval of his life as an artist.
- Foolish and prejudiced, Agathe lives on unaware that she is being cynically manipulated by her own favourite child - but will she ever discover which of her sons is truly the black sheep of the family?
- A dazzling depiction of the power of money and the cruelty of life in nineteenth-century France,
- "The Black Sheep" compellingly explores is a compelling exploration of the nature of deceit.
- Donald Adamson's translation captures the radical modernity of Balzac's style, while his introduction places "The Black Sheep" in its context as one of the great novels of Balzac's renowned "Comedie humaine".
- Honore De Balzac (1799-1850) failed at being a lawyer, publisher, printer, businessman, critic and politician before, at the age of thirty, turning his hand to writing.
- His life's work, "La Comedie humaine", is a series of ninety novels and short stories which offer a magnificent panorama of nineteenth-century life after the French Revolution.
- Balzac was an influence on innumerable writers who followed him, including Marcel Proust, Emile Zola, Charles Dickens, and Edgar Allan Poe.

==

================================================== ==================
الايتام لديهم فرصة اكبر لانتاج روايات عالمية تعرف لماذا هنا:

==
- The most byzantine, Machiavellian, cold-blooded scheming by the combined brains of the CIA and MI5 against their espionage counterparts on the other side of the Iron Curtain at the height of the Cold War could not begin to equal the plotting and counter-plotting displayed by the French bourgeoisie in pursuit of an inheritance as shown in The Black Sheep.

- Nineteenth century French literature is full of schemers, but no one wrote about them better than Balzac,
- and this novel has to be regarded as the Super Bowl of backstabbing, skullduggery, and double-crosses.
- The Black Sheep can be enjoyed just as a fast-moving, melodramatic tale about larger than life characters, but Balzac always had more on his mind than just churning out easy-to-digest dramas.

- The overriding theme in this novel is the pursuit of money in all ways and for all amounts.

- In Balzac's world money rules everything. It defines your social status and can literally make the difference between life and death. Not so different from today, really.

- Balzac takes an almost malicious relish in showing how all classes of citizens will do anything to acquire wealth or an income.

- His true feelings about money may best be shown through the character of Joseph, who spurns money-grubbing in favour of his art.

- After a great many years he gets both critical acclaim and wealth. And it's no accident that Balzac has Joseph use a skull as a piggy bank.

- It's fascinating to note that Balzac was way ahead of today's sociologists with his criticism of lotteries: "The passion for lotteries, so universally condemned, has never been studied. No one has realized that it was the opium of poverty. The lottery was the most powerful fairy in the world; did it not nurture magical hopes?"

- It's interesting and logical that Karl Marx intended to write a study of Balzac after he'd finished Das Kapital. Friedrich Engels was also a fan, saying once that a single Balzac was worth many Zolas.

- In 19th century literature characterization wasn't something writers left to the reader's imagination. They told you what a character was all about and that was that. Here's Balzac describing a lawyer: "...with a shrill voice, a rough complexion, implacable eyes and the face of a weasel licking the blood of chickens from his lips..." Probably a face even mother could not love.

- There's something satisfying about the detail an author like Balzac goes into when describing his characters. He gives us all their physical features, as well as their personality and motivations in holographic depth.

- None of this elliptical, non-judgemental, modern character-building for M. Balzac. Although his characters can sometimes display cliches (one actually says "do not darken my door again"), they are, at heart, very, very real.

- The Black Sheep is part of Balzac's 20-volume Human Comedy series of novels, and those I've read are as enjoyable as this one, although not all are this twisty.

- No story in the world is more exciting than The Black Sheep, combining as it does the compelling readability of the blood-and-thunder with the deeper insights of literary art’ – Donald Adamson in the introduction.

- La Rabouilleuse (The Black Sheep), is a 1842 novel by Honoré de Balzac as part of his series La Comédie humaine.
- The Black Sheep is the title of the English translation by Donald Adamson published by Penguin Classics.
- It tells the story of the Bridau family, trying to regain their lost inheritance after a series of unfortunate mishaps.
- Though for years an overlooked work in Balzac's canon, it has gained popularity and respect in recent years.
- The Guardian listed The Black Sheep 12 on its list of the 100 Greatest Novels of All Time[

- Honoré de Balzac (French pronunciation: ; 20 May 1799 – 18 August 1850) was a French novelist and playwright.
- His magnum opus was a sequence of short stories and novels collectively entitled La Comédie humaine, which presents a panorama of French life in the years after the 1815 fall of Napoleon.
- Due to his keen observation of detail and unfiltered representation of society, Balzac is regarded as one of the founders of realism مؤسس الواقعية in European literature.

- La Comédie Humaine reflects his real-life difficulties, and includes scenes from his own experience. كتاباتهتحتوي على مشاهد من تجاربه الخاصة
- Balzac suffered from health problems throughout his life, possibly due to his intense writing schedule.صحية عانى كثيرا من مصاعب
- his relationship with his family was often strained by financial and personal drama, and he ended several friendships over critical reviews.

ملاحظة: طبعا المتابع لهذه الدراسة البحثية يجد بأن كل روائي يتيم وستندال يتيم الام في سن السابعة يمتلك ميزات تشمل دون حصر:
- شخصية مضطربة وجوديا.
- باحث عن المجد والحقيقة.
- يكتب بعمق، وهو ثوري وساخر في نظرته للمجتمع.
- لديه قدرة على التحليل النفسي والتعمق في النفس البشرية.
- تشتمل كتاباته على استشراف مستقبلي،
-غالبا ما يعجز معاصروه عن فهم ابعاد ما يكتب ثم يعود الناس للتصفيق له بعد قرون.
===

============================================
الايتام لديهم فرصة اكبر لانتاج روايات عالمية تعرف لماذا هنا:

فيديو حول العلاقة بين اليتم والعبقرية.." نظريتي في تفسير الطاقة الابداعية.....النظرية البوزيترونية "...


http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHE0...gged_out_right

-فالحال ان القاسم المشترك بين فابريس (بطل «دير بارما») وجوليان سوريل (بطل «الأحمر والأسود» رواية ستندال الكبرى)، هو ان الاثنين يستخدمان لاختبار قوة الأحداث التاريخية والتبدلات المكانية على الفعل في نفسيهما.

================================================== ======

- في رواية «دير بارما» عدد كبير جداً من الأماكن، وفيها عدد كبير جداً من الأحداث.

- ولكن كذلك فيها عدد كبير جداً من المواضيع والأصناف الأدبية، ففيها: رواية المغامرة، والرواية العاطفية، ورواية الحرب، والدراما العائلية، ورواية مؤامرات القصور.

- فيها الحب والخيانة، وفيها الخيبة والموت والسعادة العابرة.

- ولكأن ستندال شاء أن يضع في هذا العمل الكبير، الذي أنجزه ونشره في آخر سنوات حياته، خلاصة فنه الروائي كله، بل فن الرواية في شكل عام.

- ولكن فيها أيضاً - خارج إطار البعد الروائي الخالص - فلسفة التنوير، والموقف السياسي، وتمزّق المثقف أمام الأحداث الكبرى، الحروب النابوليونية هنا.

- وفي هذا الإطار الأخير، تبدو الرواية رائدة في شكل خاص، إذ وكما يقول نقاد دارسون لستندال
لم يفت هذا أن يعبّر في هذه الرواية المتأخرة، عن محدودية الأمل الذي يضعه في وحدة الشعب وقوته، انطلاقاً ربما من خيبة أمله بثورة1830، حيث رأى الشعب (أو الجماهير في تعبير أكثر حداثة) في الحال التي وصل إليها من الاحباط والوهن. وهو - حتى وإن كان لا يكنّ للشعب الازدراء نفسه الذي به ينظر فلوبير مثلاً، الى الشعب - إذ يقف مؤيداً الشعب حين يتحرك للقيام بفعل ما، سرعان ما يفقد إيمانه المبطّن بالشعب، وهو هنا مثل الكثير من مثقفي أزمان لاحقة «لا يشعر أن الأمل الذي وضع في الشعب قد اثبت انه أمل له ما يسوغه».

- من هنا، إذا كانت رواية «دير بارما» تحكي لنا في مناخها الحدثي حياة ذلك الشاب الضائع فابريس ومغامراته - حتى من دون أن يدري - بين هوية ايطالية (ميراث عصر النهضة العظيم الذي آمن به ستندال وتبعه الى درجة انه أمضى جلّ سنوات حياته في إيطاليا وكرّس لها أعظم كتبه)، وبين انتماء فرنسي (يمثل الواقع المخيّب، عبر إجهاض الثورة والحروب النابوليونية، ولا سيما هزيمة نابوليون في واترلو التي شارك فيها فابريس متحمساً أولاً ثم متسائلاً ثانياً)،

- فإن الرواية في خلفيتها الفكرية التي تزداد دلالاتها مع مرور الأزمان ويزداد اكتشاف المؤرخين والباحثين لها، تبدو أكثر عصرية وخارج الزمان والمكان أصلاً.

- فبارما، في الرواية، لا تنتمي الى القرن التاسع عشر ولا الى حقبة مكياڤلي كما قال بعض النقاد، «بل هي تجريد في الزمان والمكان،

- وهي نموذج مصغّر لحكومة الطغيان» وفق الباحث أرفنغ هاو في كتابه «السياسة والرواية»، حيث يضيف: «هنا نجد السياسة تتخذ في وقت واحد شكل التعبير المباشر الذي تمتلكه الحكاية/ الأمثولة، وشكل التدفق المنتظم الأسلوب الذي للرواية».


================================================== ======