Robert Boyle, FRS, (25 January 1627 – 31 December 1691) was an Anglo-Irish natural philosopher, chemist, physicist and inventor born in Lismore, County Waterford, Ireland. Boyle is largely regarded today as the first modern chemist, and therefore one of the founders of modern chemistry, and one of the pioneers of modern experimental scientific method. He is best known for Boyle's law,which describes the inversely proportional relationship between the absolute pressure and volume of a gas, if the temperature is kept constant within a closed system. Among his works, The Sceptical Chymist is seen as a cornerstone book in the field of chemistry. He was noted for his writings in theology
Boyle was born in Lismore Castle, in County Waterford, Ireland, the seventh son and fourteenth child of Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork and Catherine Fenton. Richard Boyle arrived in Dublin from England in 1588 during the Tudorplantations of Ireland and obtained an appointment as a deputy escheator. He had amassed enormous landholdings by the time Robert was born. Catherine Fenton was the daughter of Sir Geoffrey Fenton, the former Secretary of State for Ireland, who was born in Dublin in 1539, and Alice Weston, the daughter of Robert Weston, who was born in Lismore in 1541.
As a child, Boyle was fosteredto a local family,[7] as were his elder brothers. Consequently, the eldest of the Boyle children had sufficient Irish at four years of age to act as a translator for his father.[8] Boyle received private tutoring in Latin, Greek and French and when he was eight years old, following the death of his mother, he was sent to Eton College in England. His father's friend, Sir Henry Wotton, was then the provost of the college.

Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier,**
(born Aug. 26, 1743,*Paris, France—died May 8, 1794,*Paris),*prominent French chemist and leading figure in the 18th-century chemical revolution who developed an experimentally based theory of the chemical reactivity of oxygen and coauthored the modern system for naming chemical substances. Having also served as a leading financier and public administrator before the French Revolution, he was executed with other financiers during the revolutionary terror
Antoine Lavoisier

Historians view Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier as the father of modern chemistry. Lavoisier was also an eminent physiologist.
*
Lavoisier was born into a wealthy family on 26th August 1743. He inherited a large family fortune at the age of five when his mother died.

His mother died when he was five years old ..

5- توربرن بيرجمن عالم كيمياء سويدي مجهول الطفولة .

Bergman is best known as an analytical chemist, mineralogist and astronomer. He also developed a classification of rocks that Werner made famous. Little is known about Bergman's early life or family. He was educated at the University of Uppsala, where he was a student of Linneaus, who devised the modern system of biological classification. Bergman received a Ph.D. degree in 1758. He taught physics and mathematics as a lecturer at the University of Uppsala for a few years, and in 1767 he was promoted to professor of chemistry, a life-long position. He was known as a celebrated teacher and is regarded as the "father of quantitative