Ford Madox Ford (17 December 1873 – 26 June 1939) was an English novelist, poet, critic and editor whose journals, The English Review and The Transatlantic Review, were instrumental in the development of early 20th-century English literature.
روائي اتجليزي ولد عام 1873
He is now best remembered for The Good Soldier (1915),
اروع رواياته هي " الجندي الطيب" والتي نشرت عام 1915
the Parade's End tetralogy (1924–28) and The Fifth Queen trilogy (1906–08). The Good Soldier is frequently included among the great literature of the past century, including the Modern Library 100 Best Novels, The Observer's '100 Greatest Novels of All Time', and The Guardian's '1000 novels everyone must read'.
Novelist, poet, literary critic, editor, one of the founding fathers of English Modernism.
واحد من مؤسيي الحداثه البريطانية
Ford published over eighty books.
الف اكثر من 80 كتاب
A frequent theme was the conflict between traditional British values and those of modern industrial society.
الفكرة التي تكررت في اعماله كثيرا تدور حول الصراع بين العادات والقيم البريطانية القديمة وتلك التي سادت في المجتمع الصناعي الحديث
Ford was involved with a number of women, including the novelist Jean Rhys, who described their unhappy relationship in After Leaving Mr. Mackenzie.
كان له علاقات مع عدد من النساء من بينهم الروائية جين رايز
"But for the judging of contemporary literature the only test is one's personal taste. If you much like a new book, you must call it literature even though you find no other soul to agree with you, and if you dislike a book you must declare that it is not literature though a million voices should shout you that you are wrong. The ultimate decision will be made by Time." (in The March of Literature, 1939)
Ford Madox Ford was born Ford Madox Hueffer in Merton, Surrey. His father was an author and the music editor of The Times, his grandfather was the Pre-Raphaelite painter Ford Madox Brown, and his uncle William Michel Rossetti. Ford's literary-artistic milieu included Dante Gabriel and Christina Rossetti, Algernon Swinburne, Edward Burne-Jones, and William Morris. Partly because of family connections in Germany and France, Ford traveled on the Continent several times in his youth.
سافر عبر قارة اوروبا عدة مرات في حياته
He was educated at the Praetorius School at Folkstone.
تعلم في مدرسة فولكستون
When his father died, the family moved to London.
عندما مات والده انتقلت العائلة الى لندن
Ford continued his education at University College School, but he never went to college.
اكمل فورد دراسته في مدرسة الكلية لكنه لم يدرس في الكلية
However, he spoke fluent French and German, some Italian and Flemish, and had good knowledge of Greek and Latin. At the age of nineteen he converted to Catholicism
في سن التاسعة عشره تحول الى الكاثوليكية
Ford's first book was The Brown Owl (1891), a fairy tale, which was illustrated by his grandfather. Ford was just 18 when the book was published.
نشر اول كتاب له عام 1891 وكان عبارة عن قصة خيالية وكان عمره عندها ثمانية عشر سنة
In 1894 Ford married Elsie Martindale. The marriage was unhappy and broke up in 1908, but Ford never divorced her.
تزوج عام 1894 من السا مارتندايل وكان الزواج غير سعيد وانفصل الاثنان عام 1908
According to some sources, he had nearly twenty major relationships with women over the course of his lifetime.
بناء على بعض المصادر كان له ما يزيد على عشرين علاقة نسائية خلال حياته
Ford was not especially handsome but looked very ordinary-he was fat, had a mustache and blond hair. He smoke Gauloises and had bad teeth. His memory was exceptional.

لم يكن مظهره جميلا كان زائد الوزن ويدخن لكن ذاكراته كانت قويه ويمكن القول انه كان لديه ذاكرة فوتوغرافية
He could quote long passages from classics and he once started a French translation of his work without a copy of the book or a note.
Scandals around Ford-he an affair with his wife's sister-the social ostracism, ill-health, and financial anxiety led eventually to a nervous breakdown in 1904.
كان له علاقة مع اخت زوجته وكان مريضا وكان يعاني من مشاكل مالية مما ادي في النهاية الىاصابته بأنهيار عصبي في عام 1904
"Only two classes of books are of universal appeal: the very best and the very worst," Ford wrote in Joseph Conrad (1924). He had met the author in the late 1890s and collaborated with him on The Inheritors (1901) and Romance (1903). Conrad's use of mediating narrators impressed Ford deeply. Later he used the technique in The Good Soldier.
In 1908 Ford launched the English Review, which attracted such contributors as Thomas Hardy, H.G. Wells, John Galsworthy, Henry James, and Anatole France. Ford lost control of the Review in 1910, a time of crisis in his life, which was associated with his romance with the writer Violet Hunt. In the same year Ford was ordered to pay his wife funds for the support of their two daughters. When he refused he was sent to Brixton prison for eight days.
العام 1910 مثل عام ازمنة بالنسبة له حيث كان في ذلك العام على علاقة مع الروائية فيولت هنت وفي نفس العام امرته المحكمة بأن يدفع نفقة لبناته من زوجته لكنه رفض فارسل الى السجن لمدة 8 ايام
At the age of forty-two, Ford published The Good Soldier, which is generally considered his his masterpiece.
عندما بلغ الرابعة والعشرين نشر فورد روايته الجندي الطيب
The story about adultery and deceit revolves around two couples, Edward and Leonora Ashburnham, and their two American friends, John and Florence Dowell.
وتدور احداث الرواية حول الرذيلة ( الزنا ) والخديعة
Ford presents the story through the mind of John Dowell, who recounts the events of their life, Florence's affair with Edward, the "good soldier," and her subsequent suicide.
وجعل فورد الراوي في روايته جون دويل الذي يروى العلاقة بين البطلة فلورانس والبطل ادوارد ( الجندي الطيب) ومن ثم انتحار البطلة
Through Dowell's confused and perhaps unreliable narrative Ford attempts to recreate real thoughts. "You may well ask why I write. And yet my reasons are quite many. For it is not unusual in human beings who have witnessed for the the sack of a city or the falling to pieces of a people to desire to set down what they have witnessed for the benefit of unknown heirs or of generation infinitely remote; or, if you please, jut to get the sight out of their heads." (from The Good Soldier) The technique was a forerunner of such works as Samuel Beckett's Molloy (1951) and J.M. Coetzee's In the Heart of the Country (1977). The Good Soldier was also Ford's own favorite of his early books. Originally it was entitled "The Saddest Story".
اطلق على روايته ( الجندي الطيب ) في البداية اسم اكثر القصص حزنا
Ford claimed that it was based on a true story.
يقول فورد ان تلك القصة كتبت على اثر قصة حقيقية
Before writing it he had noted that he had "never really tried to put into any novel of mine all that I knew about writing."
During World War I Ford served as a lieutenant in the Welch Regiment. Ford wrote the poem 'Antwerp' which T.S. Eliot considered the only good poem he'd met with on the subject of war. During the Battle of the Somme in 1916 Ford was shell-shocked and in 1917 he was invalided home. Ford's war experiences inspired some of his poetry and propaganda pieces.
شارك فورد في الحرب العالمية الاولى وكتب عن تجاربه فيها اشعار وقصص . وخلال العام 1916 اصابته صدمة من شدة القصف عليه وفي العام 1917 سرح من الجيش حيث اعتبر عاجزا عن الاستمرار فيه
After the war Ford lived in isolation in the country for a time.
بعد الحرب عاش في عزلة في الريف لمدة
He then became bored and moved with the Australian painter Stella Bowen to France.
بعد ذلك لم يطق العيش في الريف وسافر مع الرسامة الاسترالية الى فرنسا
In Paris, he founded The Transatlantic Review. Hemingway was its deputy editor; he portrayed Ford as the party-giving Henry Braddocks in The Sun Also Rises (1926). They published works by Ezra Pound, James Joyce, Gertrude Stein, e.e. cummings and Jean Rhys. In 1919 Ford changed his name from Ford Madox Hueffer to Ford Madox Ford. In 1925 his lover, Violet Hunt, was legally restrained from describing herself as Ford's wife.
In 1924 Ford began an affair with Jean Rhys, whose husband Jean Lenglet had been sentenced to prison.
في العام 1924 بدأ في علاقة مع جين رايز والذي كان زوجها قد سجن

ولد عام 1873 ومات ابوه فرانسس عام 1889 عندما كان فورد في سن الـ 16
He went by the name of Ford Madox Hueffer and in 1919 changed it to Ford Madox Ford (allegedly because it sounded too Germa[ in honour of his grandfather, the Pre-Raphaelite painter Ford Madox Brown, whose biography he had written.