الموضوع
:
هل تولد الحياة من رحم الموت؟؟؟ دراسة بحثية
عرض مشاركة واحدة
08-21-2010, 12:47 AM
المشاركة
180
ايوب صابر
مراقب عام سابقا
اوسمتي
مجموع الاوسمة
: 4
تاريخ الإنضمام :
Sep 2009
رقم العضوية :
7857
المشاركات:
12,766
شي هوانج تي
Qin Shi Huang remains a controversial figure in Chinese history. After unifying China, he and his chief adviser Li Si passed a series of major economic and political reforms.
He undertook gigantic projects, including the first version of the Great Wall of China, the now famous city-sized mausoleum guarded by a life-sized Terracotta Army, and a massive national road system, all at the expense of numerous lives. To ensure stability, Qin Shi Huang outlawed and burned many books. Despite the tyranny of his autocratic rule, Qin Shi Huang is regarded as a pivotal figure.
Birth
A rich merchant in the state of Han, named Lü Buwei, met Master Yiren (公子異人). Lü Buwei's manipulation helped Yiren become King Zhuangxiang of Qin.
At the time, King Zhuangxiang of Qin was a prince of blood Qin, who took residence in the court of Zhao as a hostage to guarantee an armistice between the two states.
According to the Records of the Grand Historian, Zhao Zheng, first emperor, was born in 259 BCE as the eldest son of King Zhuangxiang of Qin.
King Zhaoxiang of Qin saw a concubine belonging to Lü Buwei, and she bore the first emperor. At birth, he was given the personal name Zheng (政).
Because Zheng was born in Handan, capital of the enemy state of Zhao (趙), he had the name Zhao Zheng. Zhao Zheng's ancestors are said to have come from Gansu province.
Birth controversy
According to the Records of the Grand Historian, written by Sima Qian during the next dynasty and avowedly hostile to Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor was not the actual son of King Zhaoxiang of Qin.
By the time Lü Buwei introduced the dancing girl Zhao Ji (趙姬, or the Concubine from Zhao) to the future King Zhuangxiang of Qin, she was allegedly Lü Buwei's concubine and already pregnant by him.
According to translated texts of Annals of Lü Buwei the woman bore the future emperor in Handan 259 BCE in the first month of the 48th year of King Zhaoxiang of Qin. There was some inconsistency between the date of birth and the theory that Lü Buwei was the real father of the first emperor.
In the view of some scholars, the length of the pregnancy was irregular, lasting a full year, which is impossible, according to modern medicine.
The idea that the emperor was an illegitimate child added to the
negative view of him for most of the past 2000 years.
However, today there is considerable skepticism among scholars about this claim by Sima Qian.
Professors John Knoblock and Jeffrey Riegel, in their translation of Lü Buwei's Spring and Autumn Annals, call the story "patently false, meant both to libel Lü and to cast aspersions on the First Emperor.
In 246 BCE, when King Zhuangxiang died after a short reign of just three years, he was succeeded to the throne by his 13-year-old son. At the time, Zhao Zheng was still young, so Lü Buwei acted as the regent prime minister of the Qin state, which was still waging war against the neighbouring six state.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qin_Shi_Huang
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