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افتراضي
Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra was born in 1547 in the city of Alcalá de Henares, near Madrid, Spain, the fourth of seven children born to noble Castilian surgeon Don Rodrigo de Cervantes and doña Leonor de Cortinas (d.1593). "There were but two families in the world, Have-much and Have-little." (ibid) Rodrigo was imprisoned because of debts in 1551, and it brought much hardship to the rest of the family.


سجن والده عندما كان عمره 4 سنوات مما اوقع العائلة في فقرشديد.


After studying philosophy and literature in Italy, Miguel enlisted as a soldier in Naples in 1570. Aboard the ship Marquesa he lost the use of his left hand 'by a musket-shot in the battle of Lepanto' [1571] (ibid).


حارب مع الجيش الاسباني وقطعت يده فيإحدى المعارك عندما كان عمره 23 عام


A few years later the galley that Cervantes was sailing home on was captured by Barbary pirates. He was enslaved in Algiers along with many other Christians. While he did attempt to escape, it was not until 1580 that his family, especially by the efforts of his mother, and the Trinitarians, were able to pay ransom for him.


بعد بضعة سنوات وفي العام 1575 وبينما كان مبحرا عائدا إلى الوطن تمأسره وبيعه كعبد وتم سجنه في الجزائر وظل مسجونا لمدة خمس سنوات حيث أطلق سراحه عام 1580 عندما تمكنت والدته من دفع الفدية عنه وكان عمره حينها 33


Cervantes was born in Alcalá de Henares. In 1568, when he was a student, a number of his poems appeared in a volume published in Madrid, Spain, to commemorate the death of the Spanish queen Elizabeth of Valois.


كانت أولى قصائدهلإحياء ذكرى موت الملكة اليزابيث


Probably during his time in prison Cervantes conceived the idea for a story about a man who imagines himself a knight-errant (a knight who seeks out adventure) performing the splendid feats described in medieval tales of chivalry.


It wasn't until five years later that Cervantes was released — but only after four unsuccessful escape attempts and after his family and friends raised 500 escudos, an enormous sum of money that would drain the family financially, as ransom.


اموال الفدية التي دفعت لاطلاق سراحة كانت ضخمة بحيث انها ارهقتالعئالة ماليا.


He had a daughter from an affair with an actress.


A few years later, Cervantes left his wife, faced severe financial difficulties, and was jailed at least three times (once as a murder suspect, although there was insufficient evidence to try him).


سجن بعد بضعة سنين ثلاث مرات بسبب مشاكله المالية ةمرة بتهمة القتلولكن لم تتوفر ادلة كافية لادانية في التقل


He eventually settled in Madrid in 1606, shortly after the first part of "Don Quijote" was published.


Although publication of the novel didn't make Cervantes rich, it eased his financial burden and gave him recognition and the ability to devote more time to writing. He published the second part of Don Quijote in 1615 and wrote dozens of other plays, short stories, novels and poems (although many critics have little good to say about his poetry).


Cervantes' final novel was Los trabajos de Persiles y Sigismunda ("The Exploits of Persiles and Sigismunda"), published three days before his death on April 23, 1616. Coincidentally, Cervantes' date of death is the same as William Shakespeare's, although in reality Cervantes' death came 10 days sooner because Spain and England used different calendars at the time.

اهم احداثحياته:
1- سجن والده وعمره 4سنوات.
2- فقر العائلةالشديد.
3- يبدو انه يتيم الاب لكن لا يعرف تحديدامتى.
4- قطعت يده وهويحارب في سن العشرين
5- سجنهلمدة خمس سنوات.
6- فقر شديدبسبب اموال الفدية
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