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Sir William Gerald Golding (19 September 1911 – 19 June 1993) was a British novelist, poet, playwright and Nobel Prize for Literature laureate, best known for his novel Lord of the Flies. He was also awarded the Booker Prize for literature in 1980 for his novel Rites of Passage, the first book of the trilogy To the Ends of the Earth.
In 2008, The Times ranked Golding third on their list of "The 50 greatest British writers since 1945".
ولد غولدنغ عام 1911 وهو روائي انجليزي فاز بجائزة نوبل وأشهر رواياته ( أمير الذباب)

Early life
William Golding was born in his grandmother's house, 47 Mountwise, Newquay, Cornwall and he spent many childhood holidays there.
ولد غولدنغ في بيت جدته وقضى كثير من إجازات الصيف هناك

He grew up at his family home in Marlborough, Wiltshire, where his father (Alec Golding) was a science master at Marlborough Grammar School (1905 to retirement). Alec Golding was a socialist with a strong commitment to scientific rationalism, and the young Golding and his elder brother Joseph attended the school where his father taught.
درس في المدرسة التي كان يدرس فيها والده

His mother, Mildred, kept house at 29, The Green, Marlborough, and supported the moderate campaigners for female suffrage.
كانت أمه ناشطة في مجال حماية حقوق المرأة

In 1930 Golding went to Oxford University as an undergraduate at Brasenose College, where he read Natural Sciences for two years before transferring to English Literature.[
Golding took his B.A. (Hons) Second Class in the summer of 1934, and later that year his first book, Poems, was published in London by Macmillan & Co, through the help of his Oxford friend, the anthroposophist Adam Bittleston.
Marriage and family

Golding married Ann Brookfield on 30 September 1939 and they had two children, Judy and David.

تزوج عام 1939 وأنجب طفلان

War service
William Golding joined the Royal Navy in 1940. During World War II, Golding fought in the Royal Navy and was briefly involved in the pursuit and sinking of Germany's mightiest battleship, the Bismarck.
اشترك في الحرب العالمية الثانية وكان من ضمن الفرقة التي أغرقت السفينة الألمانية بسمارك

He also participated in the invasion of Normandy on D-Day, commanding a landing ship that fired salvoes of rockets onto the beaches, and then in a naval action at Walcheren in which 23 out of 24 assault craft were sunk.[5] At the war's end, he returned to teaching and writing.
كما شارك في احتلال النورماندي
Death

In 1985, Golding and his wife moved to Tullimaar House at Perranarworthal, near Truro, Cornwall, where he died of heart failure, eight years later, on 19 June 1993. He was buried in the village churchyard at Bowerchalke, South Wiltshire (near the Hampshire and Dorset county boundaries). He left the draft of a novel, The Double Tongue, set in ancient Delphi, which was published posthumously.[ He is survived by his daughter, the author Judy Golding, and his son David, who still lives at Tullimaar House.
مات عام 1985

1959 his father died suddenly of a heart attack in hospital on 12 December.
his mother died 1960 .

· Seahorse was written in 1948. It is a biographical account of sailing on the south coast of England whilst in training for D-Day.[11]
· Circle Under the Sea is an adventure novel about a writer who sails to discover archaeological treasures off the coast of the Scilly Isles.
· كتب روايات عن البحر والإبحار ·
· Short Measure is a novel set in a British boarding school.
كتب رواية عن الحياة في مدرسة داخلية
· English novelist, who received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1983. The choice was unexpected, because the internationally famous novelist Graham Greene (1904-1991) was considered the strongest candidate from the English writers. In many novels Golding has revealed the dark places of human heart, when isolated individuals or small groups are pushed into extreme situations.
· في رواياته صور الجانب المظلم من قلب الإنسان والجماعات عندما يدفع الإنسان إلى الزاوية
·
· His work is characterized by exploration of "the darkness of man's heart", deep spiritual and ethical questions.
· "Twenty-five years ago I accepted the label 'pessimist' thoughtlessly without realising that it was going to be tied to my tail, as it were, in something the way that, to take an example from another art, Rachmaninoff's famous Prelude in C sharp minor was tied to him. No audience would allow him off the concert platform until he played it. Similarly critics have dug into my books until they could come up with something that looked hopeless. I can't think why. I don't feel hopeless myself." (from Nobel Lecture, 1983)
اعتبره الجمهور منشائم رغم انه لا يعتقد بأنه كذلك
==
-ولد غولدنغ عام 1911 وهو روائي انجليزي فاز بجائزة نوبل وأشهر رواياته ( امير الذباب)
-ولد غولدنغ في بيت جدته وقضى كثير من إجازات الصيف هناك
-درس في المدرسة التي كان يدرس فيها والده
-كانت أمه ناشطة في مجال حماية حقوق المرأة
-تزوج عام 1939 وأنجب طفلان
-اشترك في الحرب العالمية الثانية وكان من ضمن الفرقة التي أغرقت السفينة الألمانية بسمارك
-كما شارك في احتلال النورماندي
-مات والده عام 1959 بمرض السرطان.
-مات والدته عام 1960
-مات عام 1985
-كتب روايات عن البحر والإبحار
-كتب رواية عن الحياة في مدرسة داخلية
- في رواياته صور الجانب المظلم من قلب الإنسان والجماعات عندما يدفع الإنسان إلى الزاوية
-اعتبره الجمهور متشائم رغم انه لا يعتقد بأنه كذلك
ليس يتيم لكن هناك ما يشير إلى اضطراب في حياته حيث ولد في بيت جدته وقضى الكثير من إجازات الصيف هناك، كما انه درس في مدرسة داخلية وكتب عن تجربة الحياة فيها، كما انه شارك في الحرب العالمية الثانية ولا بد أنها شاهد الكثير من جثث القتلى في النورمندي وهو ما يزال صغير، وكتب عن البحر والإبحار وتتصف كتاباته بأنها اهتمت بالجانب المظلم من قلب الإنسان عندما يدفع إلى الزاوية والعزلة...واعتبره الجمهور متشائم وهو ما يشير إلى مرض الكآبة..رغم أن ذلك غير موضح.
هو حتما مأزوم .