الموضوع: هل تولد الحياة من رحم الموت؟؟؟ دراسة بحثية
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قديم 06-12-2011, 02:53 PM
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اوسمتي

  • غير موجود
افتراضي
ادوين ميور

ما الذي صنع شاعرية : ادوين ميور
- ولد ادوين ميور في منطقة Hacco وهو نفس المكان الذي ولدت فيه أمه.
- في العام 1901 وعندما كان في سن التاسعة عشرة فقد والده حقله وانتقلت العائلة إلى جلاسكو .
- مات كل من والده واثنين من إخوته ووالدته في تتابع قريب وفي بحر سنوات قليلة.
- حياته وهو صغير كانت تجربة باعثه على الكآبة والألم.
- عمل في عدة أشغال مريعة في المصانع والمكاتب ومنها في مصنع يعمل على تحويل العظام إلى فحم.
- عانى نفسيا بصورة مدمرة .
- لكن يبدو أن الشاعر في سنواته اللاحقة انتفع من تلك المرارة التي اختبرها في حياته.


Edwin Muir
Was born on (15 May 1887 – 3 January 1959) was an Orcadian poet, novelist and translator born on a farm in Deerness on the Orkney Islands. Remembered for his deeply felt and vivid poetry in plain, unostentatious language with few stylistic preoccupations.


Biography
Edwin Muirwas born in Deerness, where his mother was also born, at Hacco, remembered in his autobiography as "Haco". In 1901, when he was 14, his father lost his farm, and the family moved to Glasgo. In quick succession his father, two brothers, and his mother died within the space of a few years. His life as a young man was a depressing experience, and involved a raft of unpleasant jobs in factories and offices, including working in a factory that turned bones into charcoal]He suffered psychologically in a most destructive way, although perhaps the poet of later years benefited from these experiences as much as from his Orkney 'Eden'."

Work
His childhood in remote and unspoiled Orkney represented an idyllic Eden to Muir, while his family's move to the city corresponded in his mind to a deeply disturbing encounter with the "fallen" world. The emotional tensions of that dichotomy shaped much of his work and deeply influenced his life. His psychological distress led him to undergo Jungian analysis in London. A vision in which he witnessed the creation strengthened the Edenic myth in his mind, leading him to see his life and career as the working-out of an archetypal fable. In his Autobiography he wrote, "the life of every man is an endlessly repeated performance of the life of man...". He also expressed his feeling that our deeds on earth constitute "a myth which we act almost without knowing it." Alienation, paradox, the existential dyads of good and evil, life and death, love and hate, and images of journeys, labyrinths, time and places fill his work.
His Scott and Scotland advanced the claim that Scotland can only create a national literature by writing in English, an opinion which placed him in direct opposition to the Lallans movement of Hugh MacDiarmid. He had little sympathy for Scottish nationalism.
In 1965 a volume of his selected poetry was edited and introduced by T. S. Eliot. Many of Edwin and Willa Muir's translations of German novels are still in print.
The following quotation expresses the basic existential dilemma of Edwin Muir's life:
"I was born before the Industrial Revolution, and am now about two hundred years old. But I have skipped a hundred and fifty of them. I was really born in 1737, and till I was fourteen no time-accidents happened to me. Then in 1751 I set out from Orkney for Glasgow. When I arrived I found that it was not 1751, but 1901, and that a hundred and fifty years had been burned up in my two day's journey. But I myself was still in 1751, and remained there for a long time. All my life since I have been trying to overhaul that invisible leeway. No wonder I am obsessed with Time." (Extract from Diary 1937-39.)
Works
  • We moderns: enigmas and guesses, written with the pseudonym Edward Moore, London, G. Allen & Unwin Ltd., 1918
  • Latitudes, New York, B. W. Huebsch, inc., 1924
  • First poems, London, Hogarth Press, 1925
  • Chorus of the newly dead, London, L. & V. Woolf at the Hogarth Press, 1926
  • Transition: essays on contemporary literature, London, L. and V. Woolf at the Hogarth Press, 1926
  • The marionette, London, L. & V. Woolf at the Hogarth Press, 1927
  • The structure of the novel, London, L. & V. Woolf, 1928.
  • John Knox: portrait of a Calvinist, London, J. Cape, 1929.
  • The three brothers, London, W. Heinemann ltd., 1931
  • Poor Tom, London, J. M. Dent & sons, ltd., 1932
  • Variations on the time theme, London, J. M. Dent & sons ltd., 1934
  • Scottish journey London, W. Heinemann, ltd., in association with V. Gollancz, ltd., 1935
  • Journeys and places, London, J.M. Dent & sons, ltd., 1937
  • The present age from 1914, London, The Cresset press, 1939
  • The story & the fable, an autobiography, London, G. G. Harrap & co. ltd., 1940
  • The narrow place, London, Faber and Faber, 1943
  • The Scots and their country, London, published for the British council by Longmans, Green & Co., ltd., 1946
  • The voyage, and other poems, London, Faber and Faber, 1946
  • Essays on literature and society, London, Hogarth Press, 1949
  • The labyrinth, London, Faber and Faber, 1949
  • Collected poems, 1921-1951, London, Faber and Faber, 1952
  • An autobiography, London : Hogarth Press, 1954
  • Prometheus, Illustrated by John Piper, London, Faber and Faber, 1954
  • One foot in Eden, New York, Grove Press, 1956
  • New poets, 1959, Edited by Edwin Muir, London, Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1959
  • The estate of poetry, Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1962
  • Collected poems, New York, Oxford University Press, 1965
  • The politics of King Lear, New York, Haskell House, 1970