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قديم 08-05-2010, 10:00 PM
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افتراضي رد: دراسة احصائية عن اليتم والشخصيات الخالدة
58

بيكريل


أنطوان هنري بيكريل فيزيائي فرنسي (15 ديسمبر 1852 - 25 أغسطس 1908)ولد في باريس. ينحدر من عائلة فيزيائيين حيث كان كل من والده و جده فيزيائيين و أستاذين في المتحف الوطني للتاريخ الطبيعي بباريس. تلقى تعليمه الثانوي و الجامعي في أشهر المعاهد الفرنسية كمدرسة لويس لو جران ( Lycée Louis-le-Grand ) و ليكول بوليتكنيك ( l'École polytechnique ) حصل على جائزة نوبل في الفيزياء بفضل مساهمته العظيمة في اكتشاف النشاط الإشعاعي سنة 1903. وكما أنه قد حصل على وسام رمفورد سنة 1900 وعلى وسام هلمهولتز عام 1901 وعلى وسام برنارد عام 1905. وقد سميت وحدة القياس الدولية للنشاط الإشعاعي بيكريل (becquerel أو اختصاراً Bq) نسبة إليه. وهناك فوهات على القمر والمريخ تحمل اسمه.

Early life
Becquerel was born in Paris into a family which produced four generations of scientists, including Becquerel's own son Jean. He studied science at the École Polytechnique and engineering at the École des Ponts et Chaussées. In 1890 he married Louise Désirée Lorieux.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Becquerel
b. Dec. 15, 1852, Paris--d. Aug. 25, 1908, Le Croisic, Fr.), French physicist who discovered radioactivity through his investigations of uranium and other substances. In 1903 he shared the Nobel Prize for Physics with Pierre and Marie Curie. (see also Index: physical science)

Education and training.
After his early schooling at the Lycee Louis-le-Grand, Henri received his formal scientific education at the Ecole Polytechnique (1872-74) and engineering training at the Ecole des Ponts et Chaussees (Bridges and Highways School; 1874-77). In addition to his teaching and research posts, Becquerel was for many years an engineer in the Department of Bridges and Highways, being appointed chief engineer in 1894. His first academic situation was in 1876 as assistant teacher at the Ecole Polytechnique, where in 1895 he succeeded to the chair of physics. Concurrently, he was assistant naturalist to his father at the museum, where he also assumed the physics professorship upon his father's death. Electricity, magnetism, optical phenomena, and energy were major areas of physical investigation during the 19th century. For several years the young man's research was concerned with the rotation of plane-polarized light by magnetic fields, a subject opened by Michael Faraday and to which Henri's father had also contributed. Henri then concerned himself with infrared radiation, examining, among other things, the spectra of different phosphorescent crystals under infrared stimulation. Of particular significance, he extended the work of his father by studying the relation between absorption of light and emission of phosphorescence in some uranium compounds. (see also Index: electromagnetic radiation)
http://becquerel.npcart.com/1.htm
http://nobelprizes.com/nobel/physics/1903a.html




- هناك تركيز على انه ووالده وجده كانوا في نفس المجال علماء.
- لا يوجد ذكر لامه في أي مكان.
- على الاغلب انه يتيم الام.
- نحتاج لمساعدة من المراجع الفرنسية على هذه المعلومة .


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