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Elwyn Brooks White (July 11, 1899 – October 1, 1985), usually known as E. B. White, was an American writer.
كاتب امريكي ولد عام 1899

A long-time contributor to The New Yorker magazine, he also wrote many famous books for both adults and children, such as the popular Charlotte's Web and Stuart Little, and co-authored a widely used writing guide, The Elements of Style, popularly known by its authors' names, as "Strunk & White."

Leading American essayist and literary stylist of his time. White was known for his crisp, graceful, relaxed style. "No one can write a sentence like White," James Thurber once stated. White's stories ranged from satire to children's fiction.
تنوعت كتاباته فكتب للاطفال وكتب بالاسلوب الساخر
While he often wrote from the perspective of slightly ironic onlooker, he also was a sensitive spokesman for the freedom of the individual. Among his most enduring essays is 'Once More to the Lake.'
"I am the holder of a quit-claim deed recorded in Book 682, Page 501, in the country where I live. I hold Fire Insurance Policy Number 424747, continuing until the 23 day of October in the year nineteen hundred forty-five, at noon, and it is important that the written portions of all policies covering the same property read exactly alike." (from 'About Myself', 1945)
Elwyn Brooks White was born in Mount Vernon, New York, as the son of Samuel White, a prosperous piano manufacturer, and Jessie (Hart) White; she was forty-one and Samuel was forty-five.
ولد في نيويورك وكان عمر والده 45 سنه وعمر امه عند والدتع 41 سنه

Elwyn was the youngest child of a large family, where parents really loved children.
كان الاصغر سنا في عائلة كبيرة

On Elwyn's twelfth birthday his father wrote to him: "You are the object of the affectionate solicitude of your mother and father.
كتب له والده في عيد ميلاده الثاني عشر "انت موضع حب ابوك وامك".

Then you have been born a Christian. When you reflect that the great majority of men are born in heathen lands in dense ignorance and superstition it is something to be thankful for that you have the light that giveth life."

White once said, that he was a busy writer long before he went into long pants. After graduating from Cornell University in 1921, White worked in some miscellaneous jobs, such as reporter for United Press, American Legion News Service, and the Seattle Times. In 1924 he returned to New York. He worked as a production assistant and advertising copywriter before joining the newly established New Yorker. There he met his wife, Katherine Sergeant Angell, who was the magazine's literary editor. They married in 1929. For 11 years he wrote for the magazine editorial essays and contributed verse and other pieces. Among the other writers with whom White and his wife become friends were Dorothy Parker, Robert Benchley, James Thurber, and Stephen Leacock.
"Walden is the only book I own, although there are some others unclaimed on my shelves. Every man, I think, reads one book in his life, and this one is mine. It is not the best book I ever encountered, perhaps, but it is for me the handiest, and I keep it about me in much the same way one carries a handkerchief - for relief in moments of defluxion or despair." (White in The New Yorker, May 23, 1953)
From 1929 White worked for The New Yorker's weekly magazine, remaining in its staff for the rest of his career. White's favorite subjects were the complexities of modern society, failures of technological progress, the pleasures of urban and rural life, war, and internationalism.
كانت المواضيع التي كتب فيها تعقيدات المجتمع الحديث ، فشل التكنولوجيا، المتعة في حياة الريف والحياة البرية ، الحروب، والعالمية.

He was skeptical about organized religion, and advocated a respect for nature and simple living.
كان متشككا بخصوص المعتقدات الدينية واحب الطبيعة

White's early collections of poetry, THE LADY IS COLD (1929) and THE FOX OF PEAPACK AND OTHER POEMS (1928), reflected his interest in "the small things of the day" and "the trivial matters of the heart." From 1938 to 1943 he wrote and edited a column called 'One Man's Meat' for Harper's magazine. These collected essays, featuring White's rural experiences, were published in 1942. Critics hailed this as White's best book to date, but he first gained wide fame with the publication of IS SEX NECESSARY?, which he wrote with his friend and colleague James Thurber. In 1941 he published with Katherine Sergeant Angell A SUBTREASURY OF AMERICAN HUMOUR. ONE MAN'S MEAT, which appeared in 1942, and was reissued two years later in expanded form, had a nonstop run of 55 years in print. It was compiled of White's columns for Harper's with three essays from The New Yorker.
In 1939 White moved to a farm in North Brooklin, Maine, and continued his writing career without the responsibilities of a regular job. He never stopped loving New York, calling it "a riddle in steel and stone," but he also prophetically saw the vulnerability of the city: "A single flight of planes no bigger than a wedge of geese can quickly end this island fantasy, burn the towers, crumble the bridges, turn the underground passages into lethal chambers, cremate millions... Of all targets New York has a certain clear priority. In the mind of whatever perverted dreamer might loose the lightning, New York must hold a steady, irresistible charm." (from Here is New York, 1949) The barn near White's Maine home inspired many of the characters in his stories for children.
After World War II White became an enthusiastic editorial supporter of internationalism and the United Nations, publishing an collection of essays under the title THE WILD FLAG (1946). In the essay 'The Ring of Time' from 1956 he dealt with segregation. He tells how he explained to his cook, who was from Finland, that in the American Southland she should sit in one of the front seats – the seats in back are reserved for colored people. "Oh, I know – isn't it silly," was her reply and White concludes: "The Supreme Court said nothing about silliness, but I suspect it may play more of a role than one might suppose. People are, if anything, more touchy about being thought silly than they are about being thought unjust... Probably the first slave ship, with Negroes lying in chains on its decks, seemed commonsensical to the owners who operated it and to the planters who patronized it. But such a vessel would not be in the realm of common sense today. The only sense that is common, in the long run, is the sense of change..."
In 1959 White published a standard style manual for writing, THE ELEMENTS OF STYLE, which became a mainstay of high-school and college English courses in the U.S. The work was based on Prof. William Strunk Jr.'s privately printed book, Little Book, which had gone out of print. White, who had been Strunk's student at Cornell, revised the original adding a chapter and expanding some of the other content. Later Strunk & White's The Elements of Style was revised several times. The famous manual, with its timeless observations, is still considered an exemplar of the principles it explains. "A sentence should contain no unnecessary words, a paragraph no unnecessary sentences, for the same reason that a drawing should have no unnecessary lines and a machine no unnecessary part." White's essay ´'Will Strunk', published in The New Yorker, now serves as the intro to the book.
Between writing columns, White also published children's books. STUART LITTLE (1945) depicted an independent and adventurous child, the size of mouse, who is born into a human family. After various adventures Stuart goes in search of a bird whose life he had previously saved. CHARLOTTE'S WEB (1952) was about the friendship between a young pig, Wilbur, and a spider, Charlotte A. Cavitica. She craftily saves him from the butcher's knife through the message, ''Some Pig'', she weaves in her web – only to die alone. In THE TRUMPET OF THE SWAN (1970) a mute swan learns to trumpet and becomes a celebrity. In these works White explored such themes as loyalty, tolerance, and rural living. They have become for many young readers unforgettable guides into the world of fiction.
E.B. White died of Alzheimer disease on October 1, 1985 in North Brooklin, Maine. He was awarded the gold medal for essays and criticism of the National Institute of Arts and Letters, and a Pulitzer Prize special citation in 1978. He held honorary degrees from seven American colleges and universities and was a member of the American Academy.

مات عام 1985 بمرض الزهايمر

White was born in Albany, New York, the youngest child of Samuel Johnson, a piano manufacturer, and Jessie Hart. He served in the army before going on to college.
خدم في الجيش قبل ذهابه الى الكلية

White graduated from Cornell University with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1923.
تخرج من الجامعة عام 1923

He picked up the nickname "Andy" at Cornell, where tradition confers that moniker on any male student surnamed White, after Cornell co-founder Andrew Dickson White. While at Cornell, he worked as editor of The Cornell Daily Sun with classmate Allison Danzig who later became a sportswriter for The New York Times. White was also a member of the Aleph Samach [2] and Quill and Dagger societies and Phi Gamma Delta (FIJI). He wrote for The Seattle Times and Seattle Post-Intelligencer and worked as an ad man before returning to New York City in 1924.
White married Katharine Sergeant Angell in 1929, also an editor at The New Yorker, and author (as Katharine White) of Onward and Upward in the Garden. They had a son, Joel White, a naval architect and boatbuilder, who owned Brooklin Boatyard in Brooklin, Maine. Katharine's son from her first marriage, Roger Angell, has spent decades as a fiction editor for The New Yorker and is well known as the magazine's baseball writer.
White died from Alzheimer's disease [3] on October 1, 1985, at his farm home in North Brooklin, Maine. He is buried in the Brooklin Cemetery beside his wife Katharine, who died in 1977.[4]
In 1949, White published Here Is New York, a short book based upon a Holiday magazine article that he had been asked to write. The article reflects the writer's appreciation of a city that provides its residents with both "the gift of loneliness and the gift of privacy," and concludes with a dark note touching upon the forces that may destroy the city that the writer loves. This prescient "love letter" to the city was re-published in 1999 on the one-hundredth anniversary of his birth, with an introduction by his stepson, Roger Angell.
· dull appearance. He learned to say funny things.
· كان مظهره غير جذاب فعوض ذلك بقول اشياء مرحه
· He learned to smoke, and blow smoke rings. He learned to earn money. This would have been a solution to his difficulty, but in the course of making himself attractive to Woman by developing himself mentally, he had inadvertently [unintentionally] become so intelligent an animal that he saw how comical the whole situation was."

- كاتب امريكي ولد عام 1899
- تنوعت كتاباته فكتب للاطفال وكتب بالاسلوب الساخر
- ولد في نيويورك وكان عمر والده 45 سنه وعمر امه عند والدته 41 سنه
- كان الاصغر سنا في عائلة كبيرة
- كتب له والده في عيد ميلاده الثاني عشر "انت موضع حب ابوك وامك".
- كانت المواضيع التي كتب فيها تعقيدات المجتمع الحديث ، فشل التكنولوجيا، المتعة في حياة الريف والحياة البرية ، الحروب، والعالمية.
- كان متشككا بخصوص المعتقدات الدينية واحب الطبيعة
- مات عام 1985 بمرض الزهايمر
- خدم في الجيش قبل ذهابه الى الكلية
- تخرج من الجامعة عام 1923
- كان مظهره غير جذاب فعوض ذلك بقول اشياء مرحه.

رغم ان هناك مؤشرات بأن حياته ربما كانت مأزومة كونه الاخير في العائلة وان والدته عندما انجبته كانت في سن 41 عاما كما انه خدم في الجيش حتى قبل ان يكمل دراسته لكن لا يتوفر معلومات كافية عنه ولذلك، صحيح ان هناك ما يشير بأن والديه كانا موجودين وهو في سن الثانية عشره ، لكن لا يوجد معلومات عما حصل بعد ذلك ولماذا اضطر للعمل في سن مبكر وعليه سنعتبره...

مجهول الطفولة.

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