الموضوع: ما سر "الروعة" في افضل مائة رواية عالمية؟ دراسة بحثية
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قديم 10-16-2011, 09:56 AM
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الصورة الرمزية ايوب صابر
ايوب صابر
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The girls called their father "Old Subhuman." "My father and mother, illiterate themselves, were against education, and we girls had none though we were taught to ride and to speak French," Miss Mitford wrote in "Twentieth Century Authors." "I grew up as ignorant as an owl, came out in London and went to a great many balls."
-اطلقت البنات على والدهن ( ذلك العجوز سبه الانسان ) حيث كان هو وزوجته غير متعلمين وكانا ضد التعليم. وتقول نانسي أنها كبرت وهي جاهله مثل البومة .
Nancy Freeman-Mitford, CBE (28 November 1904, London – 30 June 1973, Versailles), styled The Hon. Nancy Mitford before her marriage and The Hon. Mrs Peter Rodd thereafter, was an English novelist and biographer, one of the Bright Young People on the London social scene in the inter-war years.
روائية انجليزية ولدت عام 1904
She was born at 1 Graham Street (now Graham Place) in Belgravia, London, the eldest daughter of Lord Redesdale and was brought up at Asthall Manor in Oxfordshire. She was the eldest of the six somewhat notorious and controversial Mitford sisters.
كانت الابنة الاكبر من بين سة بنات للورد ردسدال
She is best remembered for her series of novels about upper-class life in England and France, particularly the four published after 1945; but she also wrote four well-received, well-researched popular biographies (of Louis XIV, Madame de Pompadour, Voltaire, and Frederick the Great). She was one of the noted Mitford sisters and the first to publicise the extraordinary family life of her very English and very eccentric family, giving rise to a "Mitford industry" which continues.
U and non-U

She wrote an essay in Noblesse Oblige (1956), which helped to popularise the "U", or upper-class, and "non-U" classification of linguistic usage and behaviour (see U and non-U English) — although this is something she saw as a tease and she certainly never took seriously. However, the media have frequently portrayed her as the snobbish inventor and main preserver of this usage. She is credited as editor of the book but in fact the project was organised by the publishers. One of her novels, The Pursuit of Love, had been used by Professor Alan Ross, the actual inventor of the phrase, as an example of upper-class linguistic usage.
Letters, journalism and essays

Nancy Mitford's gift as a comic writer and her humour are evident throughout her novels and also in the many articles which she wrote for the London Sunday Times. In the 1950s and 1960s these articles made her appear to be England's expert on aspects of life across Europe. In 1986 her niece by marriage Charlotte Mosley edited some of these works in: A Talent to Annoy; Essays, Journalism and Reviews 1929–1968. She was a noted letter-writer and her correspondence has been edited by her niece as: Love from Nancy: The Letters of Nancy Mitford (1993) and in The Letters of Nancy Mitford and Evelyn Waugh (1996); also The Bookshop at 10 Curzon Street: Letters between Nancy Mitford and Heywood Hill 1952–73 (2004). Her letters and essays are notable for their humour, irony and cultural and social breadth.
Politically a moderate socialist, she somehow kept on good terms most of the time with her sisters, despite the extreme political views of Diana, Jessica and Unity, mainly by deploying her acerbic wit. Some of the sisters' letters are published in The Mitfords: Letters Between Six Sisters (2007).
كانت تميل الى الاشتراكية المعتدله على الرغم ان خواتها تبنت فكر متطرف بعض رئاسلها منشور في راسائل بين 6 خوات
Romantic life

In 1933, after a going-nowhere romance with homosexual Scottish aristocrat Hamish St Clair-Erskine, she married The Hon. Peter Rodd, nicknamed "Prod", the youngest son of the 1st Baron Rennell. The marriage was a failure; her husband was unfaithful and couldn't keep a job; in time Nancy took over the family finances, working in the bookshop G. Heywood Hill, and was unfaithful in her turn.
في العام 1933 كانت تربطها علاقة مع الشاذ جنسيا الارستقراطي الاسكتنلدي هامش ارسكين لكنها تزوجت من هون بتر رود وكان زواجا فاشلا حيث اسس زوجها علاقات خارج الزواج وهي فعلت نفس الشيء
Though the Rodds separated in 1939, they continued to see one another on a purely friendly basis, and Rodd used her Paris flat as an occasional base.
انفصلا عام 1939 لكنهما ظلا على علاقة صداقة
The turning-point in Nancy's hitherto very English existence was her meeting with French soldier and politician Colonel Gaston Palewski (Charles de Gaulle's Chief of Staff), whom she always called "Colonel" and with whom she had a relationship in London during the war. At the end of the Second World War she moved to Paris to be near him.
كان من اهم الاحداث التي اثرت على مسيرتها هو التقاءها مع الجندي الفرنسي كاستون بالوسكي وقد انتقلت بعد الحرب العالمية الثانية الى باريس لتكون الى جواره
The largely one-sided affair, which inspired the romance between Linda Talbot (née Radlett) and Fabrice de Sauveterre in Mitford's novel The Pursuit of Love, lasted fitfully until Palewski's affair with and eventual 1969 marriage to Violette de Talleyrand-Périgord, the Duchesse de Sagan.
اوحت لها هذه العلاقة التي كانت من جانب واحد بروايته " ملاحقة الحب the pursuit of love.

Life in Paris and Versailles

Based in Paris in an apartment at 7 rue Monsieur, VII, Mitford had a busy social and literary life and received countless guests visiting the city. She had a huge number of friends and acquaintances in the English, French and Italian aristocracies, as well as in the international set in Paris.
كان لها في فرنسا الكثير من الاصدقاء
She travelled frequently and established a pattern of visits to country houses in England, Ireland and France as well as annual visits to Venice.
سافرت كثيرا وكانت تزور الريف وكانت زياراتها تغطي فرنسا وايطاليا واندلترا وايرلندا
Although much of her life was spent in France, she remained English to the core in her beliefs and attitudes.
Nancy Mitford's public persona was notable: she was invariably elegantly dressed (often by Dior or Lanvin), she lived a hectic social life, and was a well-known public personality in the United Kingdom even though she lived in Paris.
عاشت حياة الارستقراطيين وظلت انجليزية رغم انها عاشت في باريس
In 1967 she moved from Paris to 4 rue d'Artois in Versailles where she bought a house, but which isolated her from the life she had established in Paris. The owners of her Paris apartment needed it back for their children and she wanted a garden. Her friends who might visit her in Paris were dying; Evelyn Waugh in 1966. Her relationship with Palewski was cooling. From her biography of Louis XIV she also knew Versailles very well.
In her last four and a half years she endured increasing and finally unbearable pain due to cancer, which was slow to be diagnosed. She refused to complain, but the pain caused her to lose her faith in God.
عانت في آخر حياتها الكثير من الالم كنتيجة لمرض السرطان
She died of Hodgkin's Disease on 30 June 1973 in Versailles.
ماتت عام 1973
==
نانسيميتفورد
-روائية انجليزية ولدت عام 1904
-كانت الابنة الاكبر من بين سة بنات للورد ردسدال
-اطلقت البنات على والدهن ( ذلك العجوز سبه الانسان ) حيث كان هو وزوجته غير متعلمين وكانا ضد التعليم. وتقول نانسي أنها كبرت وهي جاهله مثل البومة .
-كانت تميل الى الاشتراكية المعتدله على الرغم ان خواتها تبنت فكر متطرف بعض رئاسلها منشور في راسائل بين 6 خوات
-في العام 1933 كانت تربطها علاقة مع الشاذ جنسيا الارستقراطي الاسكتنلدي هامش ارسكين لكنها تزوجت من هون بتر رود وكان زواجا فاشلا حيث اسس زوجها علاقات خارج الزواج وهي فعلت نفس الشيء
-انفصلا عام 1939 لكنهما ظلا على علاقة صداقة
-كان من اهم الاحداث التي اثرت على مسيرتها هو التقاءها مع الجندي الفرنسي كاستون بالوسكي وقد انتقلت بعد الحرب العالمية الثانية الى باريس لتكون الى جواره
-كان لها في فرنسا الكثير من الاصدقاء
-سافرت كثيرا وكانت تزور الريف وكانت زياراتها تغطي فرنسا وايطاليا واندلترا وايرلندا
-عاشت حياة الارستقراطيين وظلت انجليزية رغم انها عاشت في باريس
-عانت في آخر حياتها الكثير من الالم كنتيجة لمرض السرطان
-ماتت عام 1973

يبدو ان هناك امر اثر كثيرا على هذه الروايئة وخواتها الستة وقد تطرف معظمهم بشكل ملف للنظر. ربما ان عدم وجود طفل ذكر بين ستة اخوات كان سببا وربما شيء آخر...لكنني لم اعثر على شيء يمكن اعتباره سببا في وجود ازمة حقيقية وعليه سنعتبرها .

غير يتيمة لا فعليا ولا افتراضيا ويمكن اعتبارها مأزومة لما كان عليه والداها........مأزومة.