41-المفاعل النووي إنريكو فيرمي إيطالي
- كان مريضا عند والولادة .
- ارسل الى الريف لتربيه ممرضة وظل هناك عامان ونصف قبل ان يعود الى العائلة.
- صدم بموت اخوه وهو في سن الرابعة عشرة وهو الحدث الذي غير حياتة وجعله ينكب على دراسة الفيزياء.
- كان عمر والدتع عند الزواج 27 عام بينما كان عمر والده 41 عام.
- لا يعرف متى مات والديه.

يتيم اجتماعي

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Enrico Fermi was born in Rome on 29 September 1901. He was the third child of Alberto Fermi, a division head (Capo Divisione) in the Ministry of Railways, and Ida de Gattis, an elementary school teacher.[2][3] His only sister, Maria, was two years older than him, and his brother, Giulio, was a year older. After the two boys were sent to a rural community to be wet nursed, Enrico rejoined his family in Rome when he was two and a half.[4] While he came from a Roman Catholic family and was baptized in accord with his grandparents' wishes, the family was not religious, and Fermi was an agnostic throughout his adult life. As a young boy he shared his interests with his brother Giulio. They built electric motors and played with electrical and mechanical toys.[5] Giulio died during the administration of anesthesia for an operation on a throat abscess in 1915.[6]

One of Fermi's first sources for the study of physics was a book found at the local market of Campo de' Fiori in Roma. The 900-page book from 1840, Elementorum physicae mathematicae, was written in Latin by Jesuit Father Andrea Caraffa, a professor at the Collegio Romano. It covered mathematics, classical mechanics, astronomy, optics, and acoustics, to the extent that they were understood when it was written.[7][8] Fermi befriended another scientifically inclined student, Enrico Persico,[9] and the two worked together on scientific projects such as building gyroscopes and measuring the Earth's magnetic field. Fermi's interest in physics was further encouraged by his father's colleague Adolfo Amidei, who gave him several books on physics and mathematics that he read and assimilated quickly.

Enrico Fermi was born in Rome at the very beginning of the 20th century. At the time, no one could have imagined the impact his scientific discoveries would have on the world.

Interestingly, Fermi didn't get interested in physics until after his brother died unexpectedly during a minor surgery. Fermi was only 14 and the loss of his brother devastated him. Looking for an escape from reality, Fermi happened upon two physics books from 1840 and read them from cover to cover, fixing some of the mathematical errors as he read. He claims he didn't realize at the time that the books were written in Latin.

His passion was born. By the time he was just 17, Fermi's scientific ideas and concepts were so advanced he was able to head directly to graduate school. After four years studying at the University of Pisa, he was awarded his doctorate in physics in 1922]

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Father: Alberto Fermi (railroad official, b. 1857)
Mother: Ida de Galtis (teacher, b. Circa 1871, m. 1898)
Sister: Maria (b. 1899)
Brother: Giulio (b. 1900, d. 1915 complications from surgery)
Wife: Laura Capon (b. 1907, m. 19-Jul-1928, d. 1977, one son, one daughter)
Daughter: Nella Fermi Weiner (b. 31-Jan-1931, d. 1995)