الموضوع
:
ما سر "الروعة" في افضل مائة رواية عالمية؟ دراسة بحثية
عرض مشاركة واحدة
12-13-2011, 11:10 PM
المشاركة
279
ايوب صابر
مراقب عام سابقا
اوسمتي
مجموع الاوسمة
: 4
تاريخ الإنضمام :
Sep 2009
رقم العضوية :
7857
المشاركات:
12,768
السادير جري
Alasdair Gray (born 28 December 1934) is a Scottish
writer
and
artist
. His most acclaimed work is his first novel
Lanark
, published in 1981 and written over a period of almost 30 years.
السادير جري كاتب وفنان اسكتلندي ولد عام 1934 اشهر رواياته لانارك والتي استغرف في كتابتها قرابة 30 عام
It is now regarded as a classic, and was described by
The Guardian
as "one of the landmarks of 20th-century fiction." His novel
Poor Things
(1992) won the
Whitbread Novel Award
and the
Guardian Fiction Prize
. He is a
Scottish civic nationalist
and a
republican
.
Gray's works combine elements of
realism
,
fantasy
, and
science fiction
, plus clever use of
typography
and his own
illustrations
. He has also written on
politics
, in support of
socialism
and
Scottish independence
, and on the history of English literature. He has been described by author
Will Self
as "a creative
polymath
with an integrated politico-philosophic vision", and as "a great writer, perhaps the greatest living in this archipelago today" and by himself as "a fat, spectacled, balding, increasingly old Glasgow pedestrian".
He has also written on
politics
, in support of
socialism
and
Scottish independence
, and on the history of English literature.
كتب في السياسة والاشتراكية والاستقلال لاسكتلندا وفي تاريخ الادب الانجليزي
Life
Gray was born in
Riddrie
, east
Glasgow
. His father had been wounded in the
First World War
and worked at the time in a factory, while his mother worked in a shop.
ولد في جلاسكو وكان والده قد جرح في الحرب العالمية الاولى وكان يعمل في مصنع وكانت امه تعمل في دكان
During the
Second World War
, Gray was evacuated to
Perthshire
and then
Lanarkshire
, experiences which he drew on in his later fiction.
خلال الحرب العالمةي الثانية تك ترحيلة اولا الى بيرثشير ومن ثم الى لانارك شير وهو ما انعكس لاحقا في ادبه
The family lived on a
council scheme
, and Gray received his education from a combination of
state education
, (at
Whitehill Secondary School
),
public libraries
, and
public service broadcasting
: "the kind of education British governments now consider useless, especially for British working class children", as he later commented.
عاشت العائلة على المخصصات التي منحت لوالده بسبب اصابته في الحرب وبعض المساعادات من رامج تعليمية كانت تمنح مجانا
He studied at
Glasgow School of Art
from 1952 to 1957, and taught there from 1958 to 1962. It was as a student that he first began what would become the novel
Lanark
.
After his graduation, Gray worked as a scene and portrait painter, as well as an independent artist and writer. His first plays were broadcast on radio and television in 1968. Between 1972 and 1974, he participated in a writing group organised by
Philip Hobsbaum
, where he met
James Kelman
,
Liz Lochhead
, and
Tom Leonard
. From 1977 to 1979, he was Writer in Residence at Glasgow University. In 2001, he became, with Tom Leonard and James Kelman, joint Professor of the Creative Writing programme at Glasgow and Strathclyde Universities.
Gray illustrates his books himself, and has produced many
murals
as well as paintings. One of his longest-lasting murals can be seen in the
Ubiquitous Chip
restaurant in the
West End of Glasgow
.
In 2001, he stood as the candidate of the
Glasgow University Scottish Nationalist Association
for the post of
Rector
of the
University of Glasgow
, but was eventually narrowly defeated by
Greg Hemphill
. Formerly a supporter of the
Scottish National Party
and the
Scottish Socialist Party
, at the
2010 UK General Election
he supported his local
Scottish Liberal Democrat
candidate,
Katy Gordon
. He is a
civic nationalist
, stating in his 1992 book
Why Scots Should Rule Scotland
: "The title of this book may sound threatening to those who live in Scotland but were born and educated elsewhere, so I had better explain that by Scots I mean everyone in Scotland who is eligible to vote".
He has been married twice: firstly to Inge Sorenson (1961–1970), and since 1991 to Morag McAlpine. He has one son, Andrew, born in 1964. He still lives in the
West End of Glasgow
.
تزوج مرتين مرة عام 1961- 1970 والثانية من 1991 ولديه ولد واحد ولد عام 1964 وما يزال يعيش في جلاسكو
He produced the ceiling mural for The Auditorium of the Oran Mor on
Byres Road
in Glasgow, one of the largest works of art in Scotland.
Gray frequently uses the quotation, "Work as if you live in the early days of a better nation", which is engraved in the
Canongate Wall
of the
Scottish Parliament building
. He attributes the quote to Canadian author
Dennis Lee
.
رد مع الإقتباس