الموضوع
:
هل تولد الحياة من رحم الموت؟؟؟ دراسة بحثية
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08-04-2011, 02:20 PM
المشاركة
977
ايوب صابر
مراقب عام سابقا
اوسمتي
مجموع الاوسمة
: 4
تاريخ الإنضمام :
Sep 2009
رقم العضوية :
7857
المشاركات:
12,768
الدوس ليونارد هكسلي
يتمه: يتم الام في سن الـ 14
مجاله: روائي وكاتب انجليزي.
Aldous Leonard Huxley (26 July 1894 – 22 November 1963) was an English writer and one of the most prominent members of the famous
Huxley family
. Best known for his novels including
Brave New World
and a wide-ranging output of essays, Huxley also edited the magazine
Oxford Poetry
, and published short stories, poetry, travel writing, and film stories and scripts. Huxley spent the later part of his life in the United States, living in Los Angeles from 1937 until his death.
Aldous Huxley was a
humanist
and
pacifist
, and he was latterly interested in spiritual subjects such as
parapsychology
and philosophical
mysticism
. He is also well known for advocating and taking
psychedelics
.
By the end of his life Huxley was considered, in some academic circles,
a leader of modern thought and an intellectual of the highest rank
, and highly regarded as one of the most prominent explorers of visual communication and sight-related theories as well.
Godalming
, Surrey, UK, in 1894. He was the third son of the writer and schoolmaster
Leonard Huxley
and his first wife, Julia Arnold, who founded Prior's Field School. Julia was the niece of poet and critic
Matthew Arnold
and the sister of
Mrs. Humphrey Ward
. Aldous was the grandson of
Thomas Henry Huxley
, the zoologist, agnostic and controversialist ("Darwin's Bulldog"). His brother
Julian Huxley
and half-brother
Andrew Huxley
also became outstanding biologists. Aldous had another brother, Noel Trevelyan (1891–1914), who committed suicide after a period of
clinical depression
.
[3]
Huxley began his learning in his father's well-equipped botanical laboratory, then continued in a school named Hillside. His teacher was his mother who supervised him for several years until she became terminally ill. After Hillside, he was educated at
Eton College
.
Huxley's mother died in 1908 when he was 14.
In 1911, he suffered an illness (
keratitis punctata
) which "left [him] practically blind for two to three years". Aldous's near-blindness disqualified him from service in the
First World War
. Once his eyesight recovered sufficiently, he was able to study English literature at
Balliol College
,
Oxford
. In 1916 he edited
Oxford Poetry
and later graduated with first class honours. His brother Julian wrote,
I believe his blindness was a blessing in disguise. For one thing, it put paid to his idea of taking up medicine as a career... His uniqueness lay in his universalism. He was able to take all knowledge for his province.
Following his education at Balliol, Huxley was financially indebted to his father and had to earn a living. He taught French for a year at Eton, where Eric Blair (later to become
George Orwell
) and
Stephen Runciman
were among his pupils, but was remembered as an incompetent and hopeless teacher who couldn’t keep discipline. Nevertheless, Blair and others were impressed by his use of words.
[6]
For a short while in 1918, he was employed acquiring provisions at the
Air Ministry
.
Significantly, Huxley also worked for a time in the 1920s at the technologically-advanced
Brunner and Mond
chemical plant in
Billingham
, Teesside, and the most recent introduction to his famous science fiction novel
Brave New World
(1932) states that this experience of "an ordered universe in a world of planless incoherence" was one source for the novel
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