الموضوع
:
هل تولد الحياة من رحم الموت؟؟؟ دراسة بحثية
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06-30-2011, 04:05 PM
المشاركة
937
ايوب صابر
مراقب عام سابقا
اوسمتي
مجموع الاوسمة
: 4
تاريخ الإنضمام :
Sep 2009
رقم العضوية :
7857
المشاركات:
12,768
بول ريكور
يتمه : مات ابوه وعمره 2 سنة.
مجاله: فيلسوف.
، فيلسوف فرنسي وعالم لسانيات معاصر ولد سنة 1913 وتوفي سنة 2005،من ممثلي التيار التأويلي، اشتغل في حقل الاهتمام التأويلي ومن ثم بالاهتمام
بالبنيوية
، وهو امتداد
لفريديناند دي سوسير
. يعتبر ريكور رائد سؤال السرد. أشهر كتبه (نظرية التأويل -التاريخ والحقيقة-الزمن والحكي- الخطاب وفائض المعنى -
Interpretation
Theory
-
Discourse and the Surplus of Meaning / من منشورات جامعة تكساس المسيحية عام 1976).
Paul Ricœur (27 February 1913 – 20 May 2005) was a
French
philosopher
best known for combining
phenomenological
description with
hermeneutic
interpretation. As such his thought is situated within the same tradition as other major hermeneutic phenomenologists,
Martin Heidegger
and
Hans-Georg Gadamer
.
Ricœur was born in
Valence, Drôme
,
France
to a devout
Protestant
family, making him a member of a religious minority in
Catholic
France.
Ricœur's father died in a 1915
World War I
battle when Ricœur was only two years old. He was raised by his paternal grandparents and an aunt in
Rennes
, France, with a small
stipend
afforded to him as a war orphan. Ricœur, whose penchant for study was fueled by his family's Protestant emphasis on Bible study, was bookish and intellectually precocious. Ricœur received his bachelor's degree' in 1933 from the
University of Rennes
and began studying philosophy at the
Sorbonne
in 1934, where he was influenced by
Gabriel Marcel
. In 1935, he was awarded the second-highest
agrégation
mark in the nation for philosophy, presaging a bright future.
World War II
interrupted Ricœur's career, and he was drafted to serve in the French army in 1939. His unit was captured during the German invasion of France in 1940 and he spent the next five years as a prisoner of war. His detention camp was filled with other intellectuals such as
Mikel Dufrenne
, who organized readings and classes sufficiently rigorous that the camp was accredited as a degree-granting institution by the
Vichy
government. During this time he read
Karl Jaspers
, who was to have a great influence on him. He also began a translation of
Edmund Husserl
's
Ideas I
.
==
Linus Carl Pauling (February 28, 1901 – August 19, 1994) was an American
chemist
,
biochemist
,
peace activist
,
author
and
educator
. He was one of the most influential chemists in history and ranks among the most important scientists of the 20th century.
[1]
[2]
Pauling was among the first scientists to work in the fields of
quantum chemistry
and
molecular biology
.
Pauling is one of only four individuals to have won more than one
Nobel Prize
.
[3]
He is one of only two people awarded Nobel Prizes in different fields (the Chemistry and Peace prizes), the other being
Marie Curie
(the Chemistry and Physics prizes), and the only person awarded two unshared prizes
Pauling was born in
Portland, Oregon
, as the first-born child of Herman Henry William Pauling (1876–1910) and Lucy Isabelle "Belle" Darling (1881–1926).
[5]
He was named "Linus Carl," in honor of Lucy's father, Linus, and Herman's father, Carl.
[6]
Herman and Lucy—then 23 and 18 years old, respectively—had met at a dinner party in
Condon
. Six months later, the two were married.
[7]
Herman Pauling was descended from South-German farmers, who had immigrated to a
German
settlement in
Concordia
,
Missouri
. Carl Pauling moved his family to
California
, before settling in Oswego. There he worked as an
ironmonger
at a
foundry
.
[8]
After completing grammar school, Herman Pauling served as an apprentice to a
druggist
. Upon completion of his services, he became a wholesale bread salesman.
[9]
Pauling's mother, Lucy, of
Irish
descent, was the daughter of Linus Wilson Darling, who had served as a
teacher
,
farmer
,
surveyor
,
postmaster
and
lawyer
at different points of his life. Linus Darling was orphaned at the age of 11 and apprenticed under a
baker
before becoming a schoolteacher. He fell in love with a young woman named Alice from
Turner
,
Oregon
, whom he eventually married.
[10]
On July 17, 1888, Alice gave birth to the couple's fifth child, but he was
stillborn
. Less than a month later, she died, leaving Darling to take care of their four young daughters
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