الموضوع
:
هل تولد الحياة من رحم الموت؟؟؟ دراسة بحثية
عرض مشاركة واحدة
06-17-2011, 10:52 PM
المشاركة
843
ايوب صابر
مراقب عام سابقا
اوسمتي
مجموع الاوسمة
: 4
تاريخ الإنضمام :
Sep 2009
رقم العضوية :
7857
المشاركات:
12,768
جبريل مسترال
يتمه: والدها هجر العائلة وهي في سن الثالثة ومات وهي في سن الثانية والعشرين.
مجاله: شاعره من تشيلي فائز بجائزة نوبل للادب.
Gabriela Mistral
(April 7, 1889 – January 10, 1957) was the
pseudonym
of Lucila de María del Perpetuo Socorro Godoy Alcayaga, a
Chilean
poet
, educator, diplomat, and
feminist
who was the first
Latin American
to win the
Nobel Prize in Literature
, in 1945. Some central themes in her poems are nature, betrayal, love, a mother's love, sorrow and recovery, travel, and Latin American identity as formed from a mixture of Native American and European influences. Gabriela Mistral was of
Basque
and
Amerindian
descent.
[1]
[2]
Mistral was born in
Vicuña, Chile
, but was raised in the small
Andean
village of Montegrande, where she attended the
Primary school
taught by her older sister, Emelina Molina. She respected her sister greatly, despite the many financial problems that Emelina brought her, in later years.
Her father, Juan Gerónimo Godoy Villanueva, was also a schoolteacher. He abandoned the family before she was three years old, and died, long since estranged from the family, in 1911. Throughout her early years she was never far from poverty. By age fifteen, she was supporting herself and her mother, Petronila Alcayaga, a seamstress, by working as a teacher's aide in the seaside town of Compañia Baja, near La Serena, Chile.
In 1904 Mistral published some early poems, such as
Ensoñaciones
,
Carta Íntima
("Intimate Letter") and
Junto al Mar
, in the local newspaper
El Coquimbo: Diario Radical
, and
La Voz de Elqui
using a range of pseudonyms and variations on her civil name.
Probably in about 1906, while working as a teacher, Mistral met Romelio Ureta, a railway worker, who killed himself in 1909. The profound effects of death were already in the poet's work; writing about his
suicide
led the poet to consider death and life more broadly than previous generations of Latin American poets. While Mistral had passionate friendships with various men and women, and these impacted her writings, she was secretive about her emotional life.
An important moment of formal recognition came on December 22, 1914, when Mistral was awarded first prize in a national literary contest
Juegos Florales
in
Santiago
, with the work
Sonetos de la Muerte
(Sonnets of Death). She had been using the pen name Gabriela Mistral since June 1908 for much of her writing. After winning the
Juegos Florales
she infrequently used her given name of Lucilla Godoy for her publications. She formed her pseudonym from the two of her favorite poets,
Gabriele D'Annunzio
and
Frédéric Mistral
or, as another story has it, from a composite of the Archangel Gabriel and the Mistral wind of Provence.
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