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هل تولد الحياة من رحم الموت؟؟؟ دراسة بحثية
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06-14-2011, 09:54 PM
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مراقب عام سابقا
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تاريخ الإنضمام :
Sep 2009
رقم العضوية :
7857
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ارثر ادون كنلي
يتمه: الام ماتت وعمهر 3 سنوات.
مجاله: مكتشف في مجال الكهرباء
Arthur Edwin Kennelly
(1861–1939), was an
Irish
-
American
electrical engineer
.
Kennelly was born December 17, 1861 in
Colaba
, in
South Mumbai
,
India
and was educated at
University College School
in
London
. He was the son of an
Irish
naval officer
Captain David Joseph Kennelly (1831–1907) and Catherine Gibson Heycock (1839–63).
His mother died when he was three years old
.
Afterwards, in 1863, his father retired from the navy and later Arthur and his father returned to England. In 1878, his father remarried to Ellen L.Spencer and moved the family to
Sydney, Nova Scotia
on the island of
Cape Breton
when he took over the Sydney and Louisbourg Coal and Railway Company Limited. By his father's third marriage, Arthur gained four half siblings, Zaida Kennelly in 1881, David J. Kennelly, Jr. in 1882, Nell K. Kennelly in 1883, and Spencer M. Kennelly in 1885.
Kennelly joined
Thomas Edison
's West Orange laboratory in December 1887, staying until March 1894. While there,
Harold P. Brown
and he developed an
alternating current
driven method of execution, better known as the
electric chair
, to demonstrate that alternating current was more dangerous than the direct current transmission system that Edison preferred. Kennelly then formed a consulting firm in electrical engineering with
Edwin Houston
. Together they wrote
Alternating Electric Currents
(1895),
Electrical Engineering leaflets
(1896), and
Electric arc lighting
(1902).
In 1893, during his research in
electrical engineering
, he presented a paper on "
Impedance
" to the
American Institute of Electrical Engineers
(AIEE). He researched the use of
complex numbers
as applied to
Ohm's Law
in
alternating current
circuit theory
. In 1902, he investigated the
ionosphere
's
radio
spectrum's
electrical
properties, resulting in the concept of the
Kennelly–Heaviside layer
. Also in 1902 Kennelly was given the entire engineering charge of the expedition which laid Mexican submarine cables on the route Vera Cruz-Frontera-Campeche;he also served as inspector for the Mexican Government during the manufacture of the cable. He was a professor of electrical engineering at
Harvard University
from 1902–30 and jointly at the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
from 1913–24. One of his PhD students was
Vannevar Bush
.
In 1911 and 1912 Kennelly advanced applied mathematics by communicating the theory of the
hyperbolic angle
and
hyperbolic functions
, first in a course at the
University of London
and then in a published book.
Kennelly was received awards from many nations, including the
IEE
Institution Premium (1887), the
Franklin Institute
Howard Potts Gold Medal
(1917), the Cross of a Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur of France and the AIEE, now
IEEE
,
Edison Medal
(1933) "For meritorious achievements in electrical science, electrical engineering and the electrical arts as exemplified by his contributions to the theory of electrical transmission and to the development of international electrical standards." He was awarded the
IRE
Medal of Honor
in 1932, "For his studies of radio propagation phenomena and his contributions to the theory and measurement methods in the alternating current circuit field which now have extensive radio application." He was an active participant in professional organizations such as the Society for the Promotion of the Metric System of Weights and Measures, the Illuminating Engineering Society and the U.S. National Committee of the International Electrotechnical Commission, and also served as the president of both the AIEE and the Institute of Radio Engineers,
IRE
, during 1898-1900 and 1916, respectively. Kennelly died in
Boston, Massachusetts
on June 18, 1939.
[2]
Works
See
Edwin Houston
for the works co-authored with him.
Books
with Henry David Wilkinson:
Practical notes for electrical students
(London : "The Electrician" Prtg. & Pub. Co., 1890)
Wireless telegraphy and wireless telephony an elementary treatise
(New York: Moffat, Yard & co., 1913)
The application of hyperbolic functions to electrical engineering problems; being the subject of a course of lectures delivered before the University of London in May and June 1911
(London, University of London Press, 1912)
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