الموضوع
:
هل تولد الحياة من رحم الموت؟؟؟ دراسة بحثية
عرض مشاركة واحدة
04-26-2015, 12:44 PM
المشاركة
1979
ايوب صابر
مراقب عام سابقا
اوسمتي
مجموع الاوسمة
: 4
تاريخ الإنضمام :
Sep 2009
رقم العضوية :
7857
المشاركات:
12,768
ادوارد ارماند جوجنهايم
...
لا يكاد يعرف شيء عن طفولته الا ان والده من اصل سويسري تجنس بالجنسية الانجليزية وهو في سن 46 وانه مات وهو في عمر 63 سنه بينما عاشت امه بعد ذلك بكثير. مجهول الطفولة.
Edward Armand Guggenheim
FRS
[1]
(11 August 1901 in
Manchester – 9 August 1970) was an English
thermodynamicist
and professor of chemistry at the
University of Reading
.
[3]
[2]
Education[
edit
]
Guggenheim was educated at
Charterhouse School
[1]
and the
University of Cambridge
(M. A., Sc. D., ).
Career
Guggenheim is noted for his 1933 publication of the
Modern Thermodynamics by the Methods of Willard Gibbs
, a 206 page, detailed study, with text, figures, index, and preface by F. G. Donnan, showing how the analytical thermodynamic methods developed by
Willard Gibbs
leads in a straightforward manner to relations such as phases, constants, solution, systems, and laws, that are unambiguous and exact. This book, together with
Gilbert N. Lewis
and
Merle Randall
’s 1923 textbook
Thermodynamics and the Free Energy of Chemical Substances
, are said to be responsible for the inception of the modern science of
chemical thermodynamics
.
[
4]
In 1939, Guggenheim co-authored a volume entitled
Statistical Thermodynamics
with
Ralph Fowler
.
[5]
In 1949, Guggenheim published
Thermodynamics – an Advanced Treatment for Chemists and Physicists
.
[6]
In the preface to this book, he states that no thermodynamics book written before 1929 even attempts an account of any of the following matters:
The modern definition of
heat
given by
Max Born
in 1921.
The quantal theory of the
entropy
of gases and its experimental verification.
Peter Debye
’s formulae for the
activity coefficients
of
electrolytes
.
The use of
electrochemical potentials
of ions
The application of thermodynamics to dielectrics and to paramagnetic substances.
From 1946 to 1966 Guggenheim was a professor of chemistry at the University of Reading, and subsequently Emeritus Professor in the University.
In 1972, the
E. A. Guggenheim Memorial Fund
was established by friends and colleagues. The income from the fund is used to (a) award an annual prize and (b) to provide a biennial or triennial memorial lecture on some topic of chemistry or physics appropriate to the interests of Guggenheim.
[7]
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