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اعظم 100 كتاب في التاريخ: ما سر هذه العظمة؟- دراسة بحثية
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ايوب صابر
مراقب عام سابقا
اوسمتي
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تاريخ الإنضمام :
Sep 2009
رقم العضوية :
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Abhijñānashākuntala
or
Abhijñānaśākuntalam
(
Devanagari
:
अभिज्ञान शाकुन्तलम्)
, is a well-known
Sanskrit play
by
Kālidāsa
. It is considered to be the best of Kalidasa's works. Its date is uncertain, but Kalidasa is often placed in the period between the 1st century BCE and 4th century CE.
The Sanskrit title means "pertaining to token-recognized-Śakuntalā", so a literal translation could be
Of Śakuntalā who is recognized by a token
. The title is sometimes translated as
The Recognition of Śakuntalā
or
The Sign of Śakuntalā
.
Synopsis</SPAN>
Although Kalidasa makes some minor changes to the plot, the play elaborates upon an episode mentioned in the
Mahabharata
. The protagonist is
Shakuntala
, daughter of the sage
Vishwamitra
and the
apsara
Menaka
. Abandoned at birth by her parents, Shakuntala is reared in the secluded,
sylvan
hermitage of the sage
Kanva
, and grows up a comely but innocent maiden.
While Kanva and the other elders of the hermitage are away on a pilgrimage,
Dushyanta
, king of
Hastinapura
, comes hunting in the forest and chances upon the hermitage. He is captivated by Shakuntala, courts her in royal style, and marries her. He then has to leave to take care of affairs in the capital. She is given a ring by the king, to be presented to him when she appears in his court. She can then claim her place as queen.
The anger-prone sage
Durvasa
arrives when Shakuntala is lost in her fantasies, so that when she fails to attend to him, he curses her by bewitching Dushyanta into forgetting her existence. The only cure is for Shakuntala to show him the
signet ring
that he gave her.
She later travels to meet him, and has to cross a river. The ring is lost when it slips off her hand when she dips her hand in the water playfully. On arrival the king refuses to acknowledge her. Shakuntala is abandoned by her companions, who return to the hermitage.
Fortunately, the ring is discovered by a fisherman in the belly of a fish, and Dushyanta realises his mistake - too late. The newly wise Dushyanta defeats an army of
Asuras
, and is rewarded by
Indra
with a journey through the
Hindu
heaven. Returned to Earth years later, Dushyanta finds Shakuntala and their son by chance, and recognizes them.
Title</SPAN>
Manuscripts differ on what its exact title is. Usual variants are
Abhijñānaśakuntalā
,
Abhijñānaśākuntala
,
Abhijñānaśakuntalam
and the "grammatically indefensible"
Abhijñānaśākuntalam
.
[2]
Reception
</SPAN>
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