الموضوع: سر الفوز بجائزة نوبل في الادب على مدى التاريخ؟ دراسة
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قديم 10-31-2012, 11:56 AM
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الصورة الرمزية ايوب صابر
ايوب صابر
مراقب عام سابقا

اوسمتي

  • موجود
افتراضي
فيديادر سوراجبراساد نيبول
، روائي بريطاني ولد في عام 1932 في "شاغواناس" قرب مرفأ أسبانيا في ترينيداد إلى أسرة هندوسية هاجرت من الهند. كان جده يعمل في قطع قصب السكر، وكان والده يزاول مهنة الصحافة والكتابة.
في سن الثامنة عشرة غادر نيبول إلى إنكلترا حيث تحصل شهادة في الأدب عام 1953 من جامعة أوكسفورد. وهو يقيم منذ تلك الفترة في إنكلترا لكنه يخصص قسطا كبيرا من وقته لرحلات إلى آسيا وإفريقيا وأميركا. كرس حياته للكتابة الأدبية، وعمل في منتصف الخمسينات صحافيا لصالح هيئة الإذاعة البريطانية بي.بي.سي..
نشر له العديد من الروايات وكتب الرحلات منها:
  • عامل التدليك المتصوف، 1957م
  • شارع ميجيل، 1959م
  • منزل السيد بيسواس، 1961م
  • المحاربون، 1975م
  • في منعطف النهر، 1977م وهي الرواة الوحيدة المنشورة له باللغة العربية في سلسلة روايات الهلال 1992م
  • رواية "الهند، ألف ثائر وثائر"، 199م
في لقاء مع جريدة "الموندو" الأسبانية واسعة الانتشار، شن هجوما عنيفا على الإسلام والمسلمين دعا فيه إلى إجبار المملكة العربية السعودية ودول عربية وإسلامية، كمصر والجزائر وباكستان على حد قوله، أخرى على دفع تعويضات العمليات التي وقعت في نيويورك وواشنطن في 11 سبتمبر 2001. وأنه يتعين على المملكة العربية السعودية دفع التعويضات عن كل عملية "إرهابية" نفذها متطرفون إسلاميون على حد قوله. كما اتهم نيبول العرب بأنهم "يريدون أن يمدوا صمت الصحراء إلى كل مكان، فهم أمة جاهلة لا تقرأ، وهم يقفون ضد الحضارة"، وأن المسلمين بشكل عام شعوب "مليئة دائما بالحقد، ويعتقدون أنه لا سبيل إلى التعايش مع شعوب أخرى إلا بالقوة". وهاجم كذلك العمليات الاستشهادية التي يقوم بها فدائيون فلسطينيون ضد الاحتلال الإسرائيلي قائلا: إن الأمر يتعلق بمتطرفين يحلمون بدخول الجنة

Sir Vidiadhar Surajprasad "V. S." Naipaul, TC (born 17 August 1932) is an Trinidadian-British writer of Indo-Trinidadian heritage of Bhumihar Brahmin[1] known for his novels focusing on the legacy of the British Empire's colonialism. He has also written works of non-fiction, such as travel writing and essays.
In 2001, Naipaul was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.[2] He has been awarded numerous other literary prizes, including the John Llewellyn Rhys Prize (1958), the Somerset Maugham Award (1960), the Hawthornden Prize (1964), the WH Smith Literary Award (1968), the Booker Prize (1971), the Jerusalem Prize (1983) and the David Cohen Prize for a lifetime's achievement in British Literature (1993).
J. M. Coetzee, writing in The New York Review of Books in 2001, described Naipaul as "a master of modern English prose".[3] In 2008, The Times ranked Naipaul seventh on their list of "the 50 greatest British writers since 1945".[4]
Personal life

Naipaul was born in Chaguanas, Trinidad and Tobago, to parents of Indian descent. He is the son, older brother, uncle, and cousin of published authors Seepersad Naipaul, (Seepersad Naipaul (1906—1953) was a writer of Indo-Trinidadian heritage).
Shiva Naipaul, Neil Bissoondath, and Vahni Capildeo, respectively. His current wife is Nadira Naipaul, a former Pakistani journalist.
Naipaul was married to Englishwoman Patricia Hale for 41 years, until her death from cancer in 1996. According to an authorised biography by Patrick French, the two shared a close relationship when it came to Naipaul's work—Pat was a sort of unofficial editor for Naipaul—but the marriage was not a happy one in other respects. Naipaul regularly visited prostitutes in London, and later had a long-term abusive affair with another married woman, Margaret Gooding, which his wife was aware of.
Prior to Hale's death, Naipaul proposed to Nadira Naipaul, a divorced Pakistani journalist, born Nadira Khannum Alvi. They were married two months after Hale's death, at which point Naipaul also abruptly ended his affair with Gooding. Nadira Naipaul had worked as a journalist for the Pakistani newspaper, The Nation, for ten years before meeting Naipaul. She was divorced twice before her marriage to Naipaul and has two children from a previous marriage, Maliha Naipaul and Nadir.
She is the sister of Maj Gen (Retd) Amir Faisal Alvi, a former chief of the Special Service Group – Pakistan Army, who was later assassinated during the War in North-West Pakistan.[8]
Naipaul insists that his writing transcends any particular ideological outlook, remarking that "to have a political view is to be prejudiced. I don't have a political view." His supporters often perceive him as offering a mordant critique of many left-liberal pieties while his detractors, such as cultural critic Edward Said and poet Derek Walcott accuse him of being a neo-colonial apologist.[9] He has also excoriated Tony Blair as a "pirate" at the head of "a socialist revolution", a man who was "destroying the idea of civilisation in this country" and had created "a plebeian culture".[10]
In his book dealing with the influence of Islam on non-Arab Muslims, Beyond Belief: Islamic excursions among the converted peoples, Naipaul states the following about Islam:[11]
The cruelty of Islamic fundamentalism is that it allows to only one people—the Arabs, the original people of the Prophet—a past, and sacred places, pilgrimages and earth reverences. These sacred Arab places have to be the sacred places of all the converted peoples. Converted peoples have to strip themselves of their past; of converted peoples nothing is required but the purest faith (if such a thing can be arrived at), Islam, submission. It is the most uncompromising kind of imperialism.
In March 2002, Salman Rushdie denounced Naipaul for supporting the RSS, VHP and BJP led Indian government on the anti-Muslim 2002 Gujarat riots: Rushdie said Naipaul was "a fellow traveller of fascism and [he] disgraces the Nobel award".[12].
Religion

Naipaul has mentioned some negative aspects of Islam in his works, such as nihilism among fundamentalists.[citation needed] He has been quoted describing the bringing down of the Babri Mosque as a "creative passion," and the invasion of Babur in the 16th century as a "mortal wound."[citation needed] He views Vijayanagar, which fell in 1565, as the 'last bastion of native Hindu civilisation'.[citation needed] He bitingly condemned Pakistan in Among the Believers.[citation needed]
Women

Naipaul attracted media controversy with statements about women he made in a May 2011 interview at the Royal Geographic Society, expressing his view that women's writing was inferior to men's, and that there was no female writer whom he would consider his equal. Naipaul stated that women's writing was "quite different", reflecting women's "sentimentality, the narrow view of the world". He had previously criticised leading female Indian authors writing about the legacy of colonialism for the "banality" of their work.

من اصل هندي. عائلته سكنت ترنداد وهاجر هو وهو في سن 18 الى لندن للدراسة ومات ابوه وعمره 21 سنة.
يتيم الاب في سن الـ 21 .